Of the Composite flowers we shall note two species, the first being the Woolly-headed Plume-thistle (_Carduus eriophorus_), common in chalky fields, where it throws up its large, cottony heads to a height of from three to five feet during July and August. In order to distinguish it from other similar thistles we must note that its stem is not winged, and that the deeply-divided leaves, with bifid lobes, half clasp the stem at the base; also that the involucre bracts are lanceolate, with long, reflexed spines. The heads of this thistle are of a pale purple colour, of a globular form, two to three inches in diameter, and covered with a thick, cottony growth. [Illustration: THE YELLOW-WORT.] Our other example of the Composite flowers is the Ploughman's Spikenard (_Inula Conyza_), which is common on chalky banks and pastures, flowering from July to September. It is an erect, downy plant, from two to five feet high, with oval, lanceolate, downy leaves of a dull green colour. The upper leaves are entire and sessile, while the lower are toothed and stalked. The numerous flower heads are of a dull yellow colour, with leaflike bracts, arranged in a branched corymb. The involucre bracts are linear and reflexed, and the ray florets are inconspicuous. Two representatives of the order _Gentianaceæ_ are commonly found on chalk hills and pastures; they are the Field Gentian (_Gentiana campestris_), and the Perfoliate Yellow-wort (_Chlora perfoliata_, or _Blackstonia perfoliata_). The former is an erect plant, from four to ten inches high, with a branched stem; opposite, sessile leaves; and conspicuous, bluish-purple flowers, blooming in August and September. The calyx is cleft into four, the two outer segments being large and ovate. The corolla is also four-cleft, and salver-shaped. [Illustration: THE GREAT MULLEIN.] The Yellow-wort is an erect, glaucous plant, with an unbranched stem from six to eighteen inches in height, and beautiful yellow flowers, from four to nine in number, arranged in a cyme. The leaves are in widely-separated pairs, united at their bases, so that the stem penetrates them. The calyx is deeply divided, and the limbs of the corolla are spreading. This plant flowers from June to September.