Field, Forest and Farm: Things interesting to young nature-lovers, including some matters of moment to gardeners and fruit-growersFabre, Jean-Henri
History
Field, Forest and Farm: Things interesting to young nature-lovers, including some matters of moment to gardeners and fruit-growers
Fabre, Jean-Henri
Agriculture; Natural history
“Now as to the mole, what does it eat? The best way to decide the
question of an animal’s diet is to examine the contents of its stomach.
Let us, then, open the mole’s stomach and see for ourselves. Sometimes
it is found to contain red fragments of the common earth-worm;
sometimes a hash of beetles, recognizable from the tough remains that
have resisted digestion, such as bits of claws and wing-sheaths;
sometimes, again, and oftener than not, a marmalade of larvæ,
especially those of the June-bug, with their distinctive signs like the
mandibles and the hard casing of the head. One finds, in short, a
little of every sort of game haunting the soil,—polypods and millepeds,
insects and caterpillars, moths in the chrysalis, underground worms and
nymphs, and so on; but the minutest scrutiny fails to discover a single
particle of vegetable matter.
“The mole, then, is exclusively carnivorous, and furthermore it has a
monstrous appetite, a perfectly insatiable stomach that in twelve hours
demands a quantity of food equal to the animal’s weight. The mole’s
existence is one gluttonous frenzy, ever renewing itself, never
appeased; a few hours’ abstinence suffices to kill the creature. To
still the anguish of that stomach, which is no sooner stuffed with food
than it is emptied again, what can the animal count upon? On the grubs
living in the ground, and especially on those of the June-bug, tender
and fat. It is a small creature for supplying the wants of such an
appetite, but its numbers make up for its littleness. What a massacre
of worms, then, must not the mole be credited with in the season when
worms abound! Scarcely is one meal finished before another begins, and
at each repast the worms must be gobbled up by the dozen. To clear a
field of these formidable ravagers the farmer has no helper equal to
the mole. The only regret is that to reach the vermin on which the
animal lives, it has to burrow among the roots where they have their
haunts. Many roots that lie in the way are necessarily ruptured in this
work; plants are broken off and destroyed; and, finally, the little
piles of earth, or mole-hills, heaped up by the animal in the course of
its excavations, impede the reaper when harvest-time comes around.
Never mind: the worms would have caused much more serious damage, and
to get rid of them there is nothing like this ravenous insect-hunter.
Therefore, children, never molest the mole, the protector of our crops.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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