Authors, English -- 18th century -- Biography; Fielding, Henry, 1707-1754
Sarah Fielding figures frequently in Richardson's _Correspondence_; and
it is with Richardson as much as with Fielding that the next jotting is
concerned. Previously to 1900, although second-hand booksellers had, I
believe, occasionally attributed to Fielding the pamphlet known as _An
Apology for the Life of Mrs. Shamela Andrews_, April 1741, no one had
devoted much attention to that unworshipful performance. But when Miss
Clara Thomson began to prepare her excellent and careful life of
Richardson (1900), it became a part of her task to examine into this
question. She found, first, that Richardson had himself ascribed
_Shamela_ to Fielding in a letter to "Mrs. Belfour" (Lady Bradshaigh);
[Footnote: _Correspondence_, 1804, iv. p. 286.] and she was acute enough
to discover, in the pamphlet itself, which appeared some months before
_Joseph Andrews_, the suggestive, though not conclusive, fact that "Mr.
B." was provisionally transformed into "Mr. Booby." When, in 1902, I was
engaged upon my own Memoir of Richardson for the "Men of Letters"
series, I was naturally indisposed to connect this undoubtedly clever,
but also unquestionably gross production with Fielding, already
"unjustly censured," as he complained in the "Preface" to the
_Miscellanies_ of 1743, for much that he had never written (p. 72). But
I must honestly confess that for the present it has been my ill-fortune
to discover only corroborative evidence. To a document at South
Kensington, in which _Shamela_ is mentioned, I found that Richardson had
appended, in the tremulous script of his old age:--"Written by Mr. H.
Fielding"; and since the publication of my book on Richardson, Mr.
Frederick Macmillan has drawn my attention to the fact that a letter
written in July 1741, by Mr. T. Dampier, afterwards Sub-Master of Eton
and Dean of Durham, to one of the Windhams, contains the following:--
"The book that has made the greatest noise lately in the polite world is
_Pamela_, a romance in low life. It is thought to contain such excellent
precepts, that a learned divine at London [Footnote: This enables me to
correct an error at p. 74. As Miss Thomson points out (_Samuel
Richardson_, 1900, p. 31) it was Dr. Benjamin Slocock of St. Saviour's,
Southwark, and not Dr. Sherlock, who praised _Pamela_ from the pulpit.
The mistake seems to have originated with Jeffrey, and was freely
repeated.] recommended it very strongly from the pulpit.... The
dedication [of Conyers Middleton's _Life of Cicero_] to Lord Hervey has
been very justly and prettily ridiculed by Fielding in a dedication to a
pamphlet called _Shamela_ which he wrote to burlesque the fore-mentioned
romance." [Footnote: Hist. MSS. Commission, 12th Report, Appendix, Part
IX., p. 204.] This shows unmistakably that _Shamela_ was attributed to
Fielding by contemporary gossip. But then so was The _Causidicade_ (p.
112), and _The Apology for the Life of Mr. The' Cibber_, _Comedian_ (p.
72).
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