+---------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+ | |Population|Acres under|Average crop|Wheat crop in| | Year. | in | wheat. | in bushels | bushels. | | | millions.| | per acre. | | +---------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+ | 1789 | 27·0 | 9,884,000| 9 | 87,980,000 | | 1831-41 | 33·4 | 13,224,000| 15 | 194,225,000 | | 1882-88 | 38·2 | 17,198,000| 18 | 311,619,000 | +---------+----------+-----------+------------+-------------+ [72] In a recent evaluation, M. Augé-Laribé (_L’évolution de la France agricole_, Paris, 1912) arrives at the following figures:-- +--------+-----------------+ | Years. |Area under wheat.| | | Acres. | +--------+-----------------+ | 1862 | 18,430,000 | | 1882 | 17,740,000 | | 1892 | 17,690,000 | | 1900 | 16,960,000 | | 1910 | 16,190,000 | +--------+-----------------+ The average crops for each ten years since 1834 are given as follows:-- +----------+-----------------+ | Years. |Crops in bushels.| +----------+-----------------+ | 1834-43 | 190,800,000 | | 1856-65 | 272,900,000 | | 1876-85 | 279,800,000 | | 1884-95 | 294,700,000 | | 1896-1905| 317,700,000 | | 1906-09 | 333,400,000 | +----------+-----------------+ The wheat crop has thus increased in seventy-five years by 74 per cent., while the population increased only by 20 per cent. For potatoes, the increase is still greater: while 198,800,000 cwt. of potatoes were grown in 1882, the crop of 1909 was already 328,300,000 cwt., the average yield of the acre growing from 148 cwt. in 1882 to 212 cwt. in 1909. [73] Grandeau, _Etudes agronomiques_, 2^e série. Paris, 1888. [74] Although 36 per cent. of the cultivable area is under cereals, there were in Denmark, in 1910, 2,253,980 head of cattle, as against 1,238,900 in 1871, and 1,470,100 in 1882. [75] Risler, _Physiologie et Culture du Blé_. Paris, 1886. Taking the whole of the wheat crop in France, we see that the following progress has been realised. In 1872-1881 the average crop was 16½ bushels per acre. In 1882-1890 it attained 17-9/10 bushels per acre. Increase by 14 per cent. in ten years (Prof. C. V. Garola, _Les Céréales_, p. 70 _seq._). [76] O. de Kerchove de Denterghen, _La petite Culture des Flandres belges_, Gand, 1878.