Club-land was a comparatively small country, peopled by a most exclusive race. There were twenty-five clubs in all,[4] and, as many men had more than one club, and the average membership was less than a thousand, there were not more than 20,000 men altogether who belonged to clubs. There are now at least 120,000, with nearly a hundred clubs, to which almost any man might belong. Besides these, there are now about sixty second-class clubs, together with a great many clubs which exist for special purposes--betting and racing clubs, whist clubs, gambling clubs, Press clubs, and so forth. [4] The following is the complete list of clubs, taken from the _New Monthly Magazine_ of the year 1835:--Albion, Alfred, Arthur’s, Athenæum, Boodle’s, Brookes’s, Carlton, Clarence, Cocoa-tree, Crockford’s, Garrick, Graham’s, Guards’, Oriental, Oxford and Cambridge, Portland, Royal Naval, Travellers, Union, United Service, Junior United Service, University, West Indian, White’s, Windham. [Illustration: OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE CLUB, PALL MALL] Of the now extinct clubs may be mentioned the Alfred and the Clarence, which were literary clubs. The Clarence was founded by Campbell on the ashes of the extinct Literary Club, which had been dissolved in consequence of internal dissensions. The Athenæum had the character which it still preserves; one of the few things in this club complained of by the members of 1837 was the use of gas in the dining-room, which produced an atmosphere wherein, it was said, no animals ungifted with copper lungs could long exist. The Garrick Club was exclusively theatrical. The Oriental was, of course, famous for curry and Madeira, the Union had a sprinkling of City men in it, the United University was famous for its iced punch, and the Windham was the first club which allowed strangers to dine within its walls. Speaking generally, no City men at all, nor any who were connected in any way with trade, were admitted into the clubs of London. A barrister, a physician, or a clergyman might be elected, and, of course, all men in the Services; but a merchant, an attorney, a surgeon, an architect, might knock in vain. [Illustration: Yours truly T. Campbell -THOMAS CAMPBELL-]