Printing, changes in the primacy of, 16, 169, 170, 177; invention of, 32-58; early progress of, in various countries, 59-82; its technical development, 83-99; in the sixteenth century, 165-79; in England, 204-23; in the provinces of England, 224-8, 233-8; on the Continent for the English market, 229-33; private, 238 _sq._; in Scotland, 239 _sqq._; in Ireland, 242 _sq._; in the English colonies in America, 243 _sqq._ Private presses in England, 238 _sq._, 303 _sqq._ Proctor, Robert, found beauty in all incunabula, 10, 39; classification of them, 12; Greek type, 176, 307 Provincial printing in England, 9, 76, 208 _sq._, 224-7, 234-8 Pruss, Johann, of Strassburg, illustrated books, 111, 162 Psalms, the New England version of the, 244 _sq._ Psalter, Latin, of 1457, 54, 83; of 1459, 55; cost of writing and illuminating a manuscript, 84 Ptolemy, _Cosmographia_ (or _Geographia_), illustrated editions of, 66, 107 Pynson, R., number of copies in his editions, 21; work as a printer, 211, 212 _sq._, 222; book-illustrations, 255-9 Quarles, Francis, _Hieroglyphikes of the Life of Man_, 287 Quentell, Heinrich, of Cologne, his illustrated books, 113; his Bible cuts copied, 112, 114, 126, 128 Quinterniones, a name for manuscripts, 94 Quire, origin of the word, 94 Quiring in old books, 94 _sqq._; collection by, 96 _sq._ R-printer, the, of Strassburg, 60 _Rappresentazioni_, illustrated Florentine editions, 138 Rarity, effect on value of books, 7 _sq._ Rastell, John, lawyer-printer, 215, 222, 258 -- William, printed English plays, 215 Ratdolt, Erhard, early printer at Venice, 69; titlepage to his Calendar, 93; his decorative work at Venice, 125 _sq._; at Augsburg, 106; colour-printing by, 129 Rawlinson, Richard, gives manuscripts to the Bodleian, 5 Raynold, Thomas, his ed. of the _Birth of Mankind_, 280 _Recuyell of the Histories of Troye_, 206, 254; engraving in Chatsworth copy of Caxton's, 272 Redman, Robert, Pynson's successor, 216, 222 Red printing, difficulty of, 86, 228 _sq._; colophons in, 92 Regiomontanus. _See_ Muller Reinhard, Johann. _See_ Gruninger Retza, Fran. de, block-book of his _Defensorium_, 27 Reuwich, Erhard, illustrator of Breidenbach's _Peregrinatio_, 108, 115 _sq._ Reyser, Georg, first Wurzburg printer, 64, 269 _sq._ -- Michel, first Eichstatt printer, 64, 269 _sq._ Rheims, English Catholic books printed at, 232 Richard III, Statute permitting free importation of books into England, 209, 222 Richard, Thomas, printer at Tavistock, 226 Richel, Bernhard, early printer at Basel, his illustrated books, 109, 158 Ricketts, Charles, the Vale Press books, 307 Rodericus Zamorensis, illustrated editions of his _Speculum Humanae Vitae_, 104, 159, 162 Rodlich, Hieronymus, his illustrated books, 193 Rogers, Bruce, fine printer, 308 -- William, engraver, 284, 287