_Whether the branch grows large or not depends on the chance it has_,--position on the plant, soil, rainfall, and many other factors. The new shoot is the unfolding and enlarging of the tiny axis and leaves that we saw in the bud. If the conditions are congenial, the shoot may form more leaves than were tucked away in the bud. The length of the shoot usually depends more on the lengths of the internodes than on the number of leaves. [Illustration: FIG. 139.--LEAF-SCARS.--Ailanthus.] =Where Buds are.=--_Buds are borne in the_ =axils= _of the leaves_,--in the acute angle that the leaf makes with the stem. When the leaf is growing in the summer, a bud is forming above it. When the leaf falls, the bud remains, and a scar marks the place of the leaf. Fig. 139 shows the large leaf-scars of ailanthus. Observe those on the horse-chestnut, maple, apple, pear, basswood, or any other tree or bush. Sometimes two or more buds are borne in one axil; the extra ones are =accessory= or =supernumerary= buds. Observe them in the Tartarian honeysuckle (common in yards), walnut, butternut, red maple, honey locust, and sometimes in the apricot and peach. If the bud is at the end of a shoot, however short the shoot, it is called a =terminal bud=. _It continues the growth of the axis in a direct line._ Very often three or more buds are clustered at the tip (Fig. 140); and in this case there may be more buds than leaf scars. Only one of them, however, is strictly terminal. [Illustration: FIG. 140.--TERMINAL BUD BETWEEN TWO OTHER BUDS.--Currant.] A bud in the axil of a leaf is an =axillary= or =lateral= bud. Note that there is normally at least one bud in the axil of every leaf on a tree or shrub in late summer and fall. The axillary buds, if they grow, are the _starting points of new shoots the following season_. If a leaf is pulled off early in summer, what will become of the young bud in its axil? Try this. [Illustration: FIG. 141.--A GIGANTIC BUD.--Cabbage.] _Bulbs and cabbage heads may be likened to buds_; that is, they are condensed stems, with scales or modified leaves densely overlapping and forming a rounded body (Fig. 141). They differ from true buds, however, in the fact that they are condensations of whole main stems rather than embryo stems borne in the axils of leaves. But bulblets (as of tiger lily) may be scarcely distinguishable from buds on the one hand and from bulbs on the other. Cut a cabbage head in two, lengthwise, and see what it is like. The buds that appear on roots are unusual or abnormal,--they occur only occasionally and in no definite order. Buds appearing in unusual places on any part of the plant are called =adventitious buds=. Such usually are the buds that arise when a large limb is cut off, and from which suckers or water sprouts arise. [Illustration: FIG. 142.--FRUIT-BUD OF PEAR.] [Illustration: FIG. 143.--THE OPENING OF THE PEAR FRUIT-BUD.] [Illustration: FIG. 144.--OPENING PEAR LEAF-BUD.]