Flag and Fleet: How the British Navy Won the Freedom of the SeasWood, William
History
Flag and Fleet: How the British Navy Won the Freedom of the Seas
Wood, William
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Sea-power
The fury of the fight centred round the _Soleil Royal_, Tourville's
flagship, which at last had to be turned out of the line. Then, as at
Jutland in the Great War, mist veiled the fleets, so that friend and
foe were mixed together. But the battle went on here and there between
different parts of the fleets; while a hot action was fought after dark
by Admiral Carter, who, though a Jacobite, was determined that no
foreign army should ever set foot in England. Mortally wounded, he
called to his flag captain, "Fight the ship as long as she swims," and
then fell dead. All through the foggy 20th the battle was continued
whenever the French and Allies could see each other. Next morning the
_Soleil Royal_ became so disabled that she drifted ashore near
Cherbourg. But Tourville had meanwhile shifted his flag to another
ship and fought his way into La Hogue with twelve of his best
men-of-war. Some of the other French ships escaped by reaching St.
Malo through the dangerous channel between La Hogue and the island of
Alderney. Five others escaped to the eastward, and four went so far
that they rounded Scotland before getting home.
On the 23rd and 24th Admiral Rooke, the future hero of Gibraltar,
sailed up the bay of La Hogue with his lighter vessels; then took to
his boats and burnt Tourville's men-of-war, supply ships, and even
rowboats, in full view of King Louis and King James and of their whole
army of invasion. No other navy has seen so many strange sights,
afloat and ashore, as have been seen by the British. Yet even the
British never saw a stranger sight than when the French cavalry charged
into the shallow water where the Dutch and British sailors were
finishing their work. A soldier-and-sailor rough-and-tumble followed,
sabres and cutlasses slashing like mad, and some of the horsemen being
dragged off their saddles by well-handled boat-hooks.
La Hogue was not a glorious victory, like Trafalgar, because the odds
were nine to four in favour of the Dutch and British. But it was one
of the great decisive battles of the world, because, from that time on,
the British Isles, though often threatened, were never again in really
serious danger of invasion.
CHAPTER XIV
THE SECOND WAR AGAINST LOUIS XIV
(1702-1713)
King Charles II of Spain, having no children, made a will leaving his
throne to Philip V, a grandson of Louis XIV, whose wife was sister to
Charles. Louis declared that "the Pyrenees had ceased to exist"; by
which boast he meant that he would govern the Spanish Empire through
his grandson, turn the Mediterranean into "a French lake," and work his
will against British sea-power, both mercantile and naval.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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