475 =Anthospermum pachyrrhizum= _Hiern._ Heath-like undershrub with fascicled, scabrid, linear leaves, ⅔ in. long; stipules subulate. Calyx minute, 1-2 lobes enlarged, leaf-like. Cor. funnel-shaped, 4-lobed. Fruit obovoid, dicoccous. Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 8,200 ft.). 476 =Stipularia elliptica= _Schwfth._ Small, somewhat cottony shrub. Leaves elliptical, apiculate, wedge- shaped or obtuse at base. Flowers white in solitary axillary heads enclosed in 1 or 2 red or purple bracts. Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land). 477 =Tarenna nilotica= _Hiern._ Shrub, 20 ft. high. Leaves oval or obovate, papery. Flowers ½ in. long, white, 5-merous, in dense sessile corymbs; cor. salver-shaped. Berry globular. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land). 478 =Randia nilotica= _Stapf._ KHARUM or TAKIRNI (Baggara), ABU MARFEIN (Bahr El Ghazal), SIMEIN & SHIDR EL MARFEIN (Baggara), UMKALOL, UMSHALALO & YAU (Jongol’s Post)—Arab; UMDAMUN (Dilling) & RŪT (Tagele)—Nuba; KULUJI—Bari; AGHEI (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; DIG—Burun. Stiff, spinous shrub; spines opposite or alternate. Leaves usually obovate, cuneate at base, 3 in. long. Flowers usually creamy white, sometimes orange or greenish-yellow, solitary or few together, almost axillary or on short lateral shoots, pentamerous. Fruit subglobose, crowned by calyx lobes, up to 1½ in. long. Fung, Kordofan, Upper White Nile (Goz El Siada), Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces. The fruit is said to act as a fish poison and as an antidote to arrow poison. It is a useful emetic. =R. genipæflora= _DC._ Straggling shrub to small tree, unarmed. Leaves oval or oblong, thin in texture, cuneate at base up to 6 in. long. Flowers white, stellate, ¾ in. long, in short dense axillary cymes. Fruit globose, ⅓ in. diam. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit). =R. sp.= KIRKIR (Baggara) & SOGHEIT (Fung)—Arab; MAINTU (Dilling & J. Ghulfan) & TINTURING (J. Eliri)—Nuba. Tall shrub or small tree with large light green leaves and fruit size of a small orange. Flowers not seen. Fung Prov. (Roseires, edges of Khors); Nuba Mts. Prov. (Dar Nuba). By the Nubas the fruit is said to be edible. =R. malleifera= _Benth._ BIRKWA—Jur; BLIPPO—Zande. Ornamental puberulous shrub, 8-15 ft. high. Leaves obovate-oblong, acuminate, opposite or apparently 3 together at end of twigs by suppression of the node, the solitary pendulous flower replacing the missing leaf. Corolla tawny hairy outside, white inside; tube 3 in. long, slender; lobes ab. 2-3 in. in diam., fragrant. Fruit globose, obscurely ribbed, 1½ in. across, crowned by calyx lobes; style long, clapper-shaped. Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shady Khors). Yields a black sap with which the Niamniams paint their bodies. =R. sp.= Large shrub, no flowers seen; branchlets tomentose. Leaves ovate- orbicular, softly pubescent on the nerves beneath, about 3 in. broad. Young fruits ellipsoid, glabrous. Mongalla Prov. (Kagi Ko, Yei River, Sillitoe 333). =R. macrantha= _DC._