Folklore of Wells: Being a Study of Water-Worship in East and WestMasani, Rustom Pestonji
Religion
Folklore of Wells: Being a Study of Water-Worship in East and West
Masani, Rustom Pestonji
Holy wells; Water -- Folklore; Water -- Religious aspects
Many closely parallel beliefs
can be quoted from the history of demonism in the western world and
Sir Laurence Gomme points out that the general characteristics of the
superstitions brought about by the contact between the Aryan conquerors
of India and the non-Aryan aborigines are also represented in the cult of
European witchcraft. Underneath the emblems of the foreign civilisation
lie the traditional custom and belief, “the attributes of the native
uncivilisation.”
A notable illustration is given by Evans Wentz in _Fairy Faith in Celtic
Countries_. The only true Cornish Fairy, says the author, is the Piksy,
of the race which is the _Pohel Vean_ or Little People, and the Spriggan
is only one of his aspects. The Piksy would seem to be the “Brownie” of
the Lowland Scot, the _Duine Sith_ of the Highlanders, and if we may
judge from an interesting note in Scott’s _Pirate_, the “Peight” of the
Orkneys. If _Duine Sith_ really means “the Folk of the Mounds (burrows),”
not the “People of Peace,” it is possible that there is something in
the theory that Brownie, _Duine Sith_, and “Peight,” which is Pict, are
only in their origin ways of expressing the little dark-complexioned
aboriginal folk who were supposed to inhabit the burrows, cromlechs, and
allées couvertes, and whose cunning, their only effective weapon against
the mere strength of the Aryan invader, earned them a reputation for
magical powers.[51]
Let us now see how far this view of the case helps us in understanding
the Parsi beliefs in the Mahomedan guardian spirits of wells, to which
reference has already been made. The relations of the Parsis with the
Hindus and Mahomedans in the land of their adoption were not exactly
those of conquered aborigines to the conquerors, but were, until the
advent of the English, practically the same as those of subject races to
the rulers. It was, however, no case of contact with a higher culture,
rather it was the case of assimilation of a ruder culture. No doubt,
the Parsis had taken to India from their ancient home a belief in the
existence of a presiding genius of water. That, however, was a belief
considerably different from that which in India gave the water-spirits
a local habitation and a name. But by long contact with the Hindus and
Mahomedans the community came to believe in several local deities and
absorbed several local rituals. No doubt, the primary factor in inducing
this recognition and worship of local deities was the fear of their power
to do harm, but with it must also have been blended the desire to please
the neighbouring communities and the hope of receiving favours at the
hands of the spirits if properly adored and propitiated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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