Foods and Their Adulteration: Origin, Manufacture, and Composition of Food Products; Description of Common Adulterations, Food Standards, and National Food Laws and RegulationsWiley, Harvey Washington
Science
Foods and Their Adulteration: Origin, Manufacture, and Composition of Food Products; Description of Common Adulterations, Food Standards, and National Food Laws and Regulations
Wiley, Harvey Washington
Food; Food adulteration and inspection
The above analyses show the general character of meat juice extracted
first by externally heating the meat and then pressing. They show that
there is less nitrogenous bodies present in meat juice than there is
in meat extracts. It is evident that meat extracts cannot be heated
for sterilization without coagulation of the globulins. When it is
advisable to use a beef juice in a case of illness it is far better
to prepare it at the time when it is used than to prepare it on a
commercial scale and preserve it by any of the chemical means in vogue.
Meat juice can be very well prepared for domestic use by chopping
the meat very fine, placing it in a vessel, heating to 140° F., and
pressing it by any simple means, as, for instance, with the hand or by
using an ordinary lemon squeezer. The juice obtained in this way can
be flavored with salt and spices to suit the taste of the patient, and
used immediately. In some cases, in order to get a greater yield, pure
cold water may be mixed with the chopped meat and a somewhat dilute
juice obtained but giving a greater yield of nutritive material for the
same weight of meat.
Various names, fanciful and otherwise, are given to the so-called beef
juices. These names are either fanciful or, as in the case of beef
extracts, that of the manufacturer. Some of the fanciful names are,
like those already mentioned, suggestive of origin. Some of these have
large quantities of coagulable protein, like albumin, while others
have such small quantities as to indicate that they are not wholly
beef juice. In the case of some of these preparations there is some
indication that they are prepared chiefly from blood and thus are not
true meat juices. Naturally there must be particles of blood in a meat
juice and the mere occurrence of blood cells would not be an indication
that blood itself had been used in its preparation. By reason of these
facts the use of so-called meat juices is restricted. They contain
relatively very little nutritive material, they are sometimes preserved
with harmful chemicals and they may be made from blood, and in general
there is such a degree of secrecy attending their preparation as to
warrant the physician and patient to confine themselves to the domestic
article prepared at the time of using. Another objection which is not
of a hygienic character is found in the great expense of securing a
very little nourishment by this means. The quantity of juice which meat
will yield is very small and, therefore, the relative expense for any
given quantity of nourishment is far greater than it is even in the
case of beef extract. While in the case of rich patients an objection
like this is of little value, in the great majority of cases it should
be given due consideration.
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