Peptonized milk, described on page 245 may be used as an article of
diet,—also milk with limewater, gelatin, cream, olive oil, gruels, and
any foods which would pass through the stomach in a liquid state. Any
cereals must exclude the bran and must be masticated to a pulp, so that
they may readily pass into the small intestine.
* * * * *
=Dilation of the Stomach= results from continued overeating,
(especially when the nerves are weak), or eating when over tired. The
muscular walls become so weak that they fail to contract. Peristalsis
is likewise weak and the food, failing to digest promptly, ferments and
forms gas. A dilated stomach is larger and its weight and weakness
cause it to prolapse.
In the prolapsed condition the pyloric, or lower orifice of the
stomach, is often nearly closed, partly by reason of its position and
partly by the weakened folds of the stomach walls. Because of this
obstruction to the free emptying of the contents into the duodenum, it
is imperative that the food be masticated to a pulp and thus mixed with
saliva, that the salivary digestion of starches may be complete in the
stomach; or, at least, that all foods be reduced to a liquid state in
the stomach. A chunk of food could not easily pass through the pylorus.
All liquid or semi-liquid food should be held in the mouth until it,
also, is mixed with saliva. The stomach should not be overloaded with
either food or water and for this reason six meals a day, of light
feeding, is best.
A dilated stomach does not necessarily indicate that the digestive
juices are not secreted in normal proportions and easily digested
proteins need not be avoided. It is desirable to furnish the proteins
in concentrated form, as in meats, so as to get the most nutrition with
the least bulk. Milk may be used, with limewater, if sipped slowly and
held in the mouth until mixed with saliva.
Sugar should be used very sparingly, because it ferments readily and
aggravates the distension. If it is evident that fermented products are
in the stomach, it should be washed out with a stomach pump.
A tumor near the pylorus, or constriction of the pyloric orifice, will
also cause dilation of the stomach.
Beef juice, any of the better grades of meats, well masticated and
containing no gristle, limewater and milk, soft cooked eggs, and well
cooked cereals should constitute the diet.
Avoid vegetables containing coarse fibre, fried foods, and bread baked
on the same day.
Liquid with the meal should be avoided, on account of the tendency to
overload the stomach.
Cold water, taken a swallow at a time at intervals during the day, has
a tonic effect upon the relaxed muscles. It also incites the flow of
gastric juice.
* * * * *
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