———————————————————————————+—————————+————+—————————————+————————— |Proteins | |Carbohydrates|Energy in Variations +————+————|Fats|—————+———————+ Calories of Sex and Age |Low |High| | Low | High | ———————————————————————————+—————————+————+—————————————+————————— Children, two to six | 36 | 70 | 40 | 250 | 325 |1520-1956 Children, six to fifteen | 50 | 75 | 45 | 325 | 350 |1923-2123 Women, with light exercise | 50 | 80 | 80 | 300 | 330 |2272 Women, at moderate work | 60 | 92 | 80 | 400 | 432 |2720 Aged women | 50 | 80 | 50 | 270 | 300 |1870 Aged men | 50 |100 |400 | 300 | 350 |2258 ———————————————————————————+—————————+————+—————————————+————————— The unit of measurement for the calories of energy is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of energy to 1° centigrade. In estimating the number of calories of energy given off by the different foods, Dr. Hall represents 1 gram of carbohydrates as 4.0 calories ” ” ” fats ” 9.4 ” ” ” ” proteins ” 4.0 ” To determine the relative energy which a food represents, it is only necessary to multiply the number of grams of protein in that food by 4, the fat by 9.4 and the carbohydrates by 4, and add the results. Thus according to the food required for the average man at light work given on page 211. 106.8 grams of proteins × 4 = 427.20 calories of energy 57.97 ” ” fat × 9.4 = 544.94 ” ” ” 398.84 ” ” carbohydrates × 4 = 1595.36 ” ” ” ——————— 2567.51 = the calories of energy required for the average man at light work. Dr. Chittenden’s experiments show that a man leading a very active life, and above the average in body weight, can maintain his body in equilibrium indefinitely with a daily intake of 36 to 40 grams of protein, or albuminoid food, and with a total fuel value of 1600 calories. Authorities, however differ upon the amount of food required. Dr. Hall suggests 106 grams of protein Ranke suggests 100 grams of protein Hultgren and Landergren suggests 134 grams of protein Schmidt suggests 105 grams of protein Forster and Moleschott suggests 130 grams of protein Atwater suggests 125 grams of protein