the overflow of eight other ponds. Ramapo Pass, beginning about a mile below Pierson's, is fourteen miles long. (See Pompton.) * * * * * [FN] Dr. John C. Smock, late State Geologist of New Jersey, wrote me of the location of the name at Suffern: "There is the name of the stream and the name of the settlement (in Rockland County, near the New Jersey line), and the land is low-lying, and along the creek, and above a forks, _i. e._ above the forks at Suffern. On the 1774 map in my possession, Romapock is certainly the present Ramapo. The term 'Slanting rock' is eminently applicable to that vicinity." The Ramapock Patent of 1704 covered 42,500 acres, and, with the name, followed the mountains as its western boundary. Wynokie, now so written as the name of a stream flowing to the Pequannock at Pompton, takes that name from a beautiful valley through which it passes, about thirteen miles northwest of Paterson. The stream is the outlet of Greenwood Lake and is entered on old maps as the Ringwood. The name is in several orthographies--Wanaque, Wynogkee, Wynachkee, etc. It is from the root _Win,_ "Good, fine, pleasant," and _-aki,_ land or place. (See Wynogkee.) Pamerpock, 1674, now preserved in _Pamrepo_ as the name of a village in the northwest part of the city of Bayonne, N. J., is probably another form of _Pemé-apuchk,_ "Slanting rock." [FN] (See Ramapo.) The name seems to have been widely distributed. * * * * * [FN] _Pemé_ is _Pemi_ in the Massachusetts dialect. "It may generally be translated by 'sloping' or 'aslant.' In Abnaki _Pemadené (Pemi-adené)_ denotes a sloping mountain side," wrote Dr. Trumbull. The affix, _-ápuchk,_ changes the meaning to sloping rock, or "slanting rock," as Zeisberger wrote. Hohokus, the name of a village and of a railroad station, is probably from _Mehŏkhókus_ (Zeisb.), "Red cedar." It was, presumably, primarily at least, a place where red cedar abounded. The Indian name of the stream here is written _Raighkawack,_ an orthography of _Lechauwaak,_ "Fork" (Zeisb.), which, by the way, is also the name of a place. Tuxedo, now a familiar name, is a corruption of _P'tuck-sepo,_ meaning, "A crooked river or creek." Its equivalent is _P'tuck-hanné_ (Len. Eng. Dic.), "A bend in the river"--"Winding in the creek or river"--"A bend in a river." The earliest form of the original appears in 1754--Tuxcito, 1768; Tuxetough, Tugseto, Duckcedar, Ducksider, etc., are later. Zeisberger wrote _Pduk,_ from which probably Duckcedar. The name seems to have been that of a bend in the river at some point in the vicinity of Tuxedo Pond to which it was extended from a certain bend or bends in the stream. A modern interpretation from _P'tuksit,_ "Round foot," is of no merit except in its first word. It was the metaphorical name, among the Delawares, of the wolf. It would be a misnomer applied to either a river or a pond. _Sepo_ is generic for a long river. (See Esopus.)