Footprints of the Red Men: Indian geographical names in the valley of Hudson's river, the valley of the Mohawk, and on the Delaware: their location and the probable meaning of some of them.Ruttenber, Edward Manning
History
Footprints of the Red Men: Indian geographical names in the valley of Hudson's river, the valley of the Mohawk, and on the Delaware: their location and the probable meaning of some of them.
Ruttenber, Edward Manning
Indians of North America -- New York (State); Names, Geographical -- New York (State); Names, Indian -- North America
[FN] The Indians had specific names for different kinds of trees. The
generic general word was _Me'hittuk_ or _M'hittugk,_ Del., _M'tugh,_
Mass., which, as a suffix, was reduced to _-ittuk, -utugh, -tagh,
-tack, -tacque,_ etc., frequently _ak,_ which is the radical. Howden
writes in Cree: "_Atik_ is the termination for the names of trees,
articles made of wood," etc. _Mash-antack-uk,_ Moh., was translated by
Dr. Trumbull from _Mish-untugh-et,_ Mass., "Place of much wood."
_Mannaⁿdakōō_ is quoted as the Abn. word for "cedar;" _Mishquáwtuck,_
Nar., "Red cedar." _Menántachk,_ "Swamp" (Len. Eng. Dic.), is explained
by Rev. Anthony, "with trees meeting above." _Menautac,_ "Spruce,
cedar or pine swamp" (Zeisb.), from the kind of trees growing in the
swamp, but obviously _antac_ never described a swamp, or trees growing
in swamps, without the prefix _Men, Man, Me,_ etc. _Keht-antak_ means
a particularly large tree which probably served as a boundmark. It may
be a question if the initial _a_ in _antak_ was not nasal, as in Abn.,
but there can be none in regard to the meaning of the suffix.
Napeak, East Hampton deed of 1648, generally written _Napeaka, Neppeage_
and _Napeague,_ and applied by Mather (Geological Survey) to a beach
and a marsh, and in local records to the neck connecting Montauk Point
with the main island, means "Water land," or "Land overflowed by water."
The beach extends some five miles on the southeast coast of Long Island.
The marsh spreads inland from the beach nearly across the neck where it
meets Napeak Harbor on the north coast. It is supposed to have been, in
prehistoric times, a water-course which separated the island from the
point. Near the eastern limit are patches of stunted pines and cedars,
and on its east side at the end of what are called the "Nominick hills,"
where was obviously located the boundmark of the East Hampton deed,
"Stunted pines and cedars are a feature," wrote Dr. Tooker in answer to
inquiry. (See Montauk.)
Quawnotiwock, is quoted in French's Gazetteer as the name of Great Pond;
authority not cited. Prime (Hist. L. I.) wrote: "The Indian name of the
pond is unknown." The pond is two miles long. It is situate where the
Montauk Peninsula attains its greatest width, and is the largest body
of fresh water on the island. It would be correctly described by _Quinne_
or _Quawnopaug,_ "Long pond," but certainly not by _Quawnotiwock,_ the
animate plural suffix _-wock,_ showing that it belonged to the
people--"People living on the Long River." [FN] (See Quantuck and
Connecticut.)
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