Butterflies; Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829
“The error of Cramer regarding _Rhipheus_ has already been rectified.
It will now be demonstrated that not only are the two insects distinct
as _species_, but that they actually belong to different _genera_;
Cramers being a _Urania_ of Fabricius and Latreille, while Drury’s is
a _Papilio_ of the same authors. This is proved by the figures, and
confirmed by the following words of Drury :--‘The antennæ are black,
and knobbed at their extremities,’ in other words, clavate; while the
palpi, as expressed in the figure, are so small as not to project
beyond the head, where they lie hid among the frontal hairs; this
also being a typical distinction of the Latreillian _Papiliones_. The
figures in Drury’s work were all drawn and engraved by Moses Harris,
well known as one of the most accurate artists that ever lived; as a
remarkable proof of this, we find that he has not failed to delineate
that peculiar neuration of the anterior wings which belongs only to
the types of _Leilus_. A closer affinity therefore between _Papilio_
and _Leilus_ cannot possibly be imagined; while its remarkable hairy
front points out its analogy, as an aberrant type in its own genus,
to _Chlorisses_ among insects, and _Dasycephala_ among birds. So true
it is that the natural system ‘illuminates with a flood of light’
every supposed anomaly, and reconciles facts apparently the most
inexplicable[39].”
FINIS.
FOOTNOTES:
[Footnote 1: See his _eloge_ on Lamarck, of which a translation will
be found in the Thirty-ninth Number of the Edinburgh New Philosophical
Journal. To this memoir we have been chiefly indebted for the
particulars of Lamarck’s life.]
[Footnote 2: Memoir on the substance of fire, considered as a chemical
agent in analysis.--_Journal de Physique, Floreal, An._ vii.]
[Footnote 3: Memoir on the substance of sound.--_Journal de Physique,
16 & 26 Brumaire, An._ vii.]
[Footnote 4: _Animaux sans vertébres_, vol. i. p. 188, 189.]
[Footnote 5: _Animaux sans Vertébres_, vol. i. p. 197, 198.]
[Footnote 6: _Ib._ p. 199.]
[Footnote 7: Ann. du Museum d’Hist. Nat., tom. i. p. 234.]
[Footnote 8: Lyell’s Principles of Geology, ii. p. 31.]
[Footnote 9: Principles of Geology, ii. p. 8.]
[Footnote 10: This subject will be found to be discussed at
considerable length, and in a very satisfactory manner, in the second
volume of Mr. Lyell’s Principles of Geology, p. 1-65.]
[Footnote 11: _Animaux sans Vertébres_, i. p. 260.]
[Footnote 12: _Ibid._ 258, _N. Dict. d’Hist. Nat._ xvi. Art.
_Intelligence_.]
[Footnote 13: _Kirby’s Bridge. Treat. Intro._ p. xxxii.]
[Footnote 14: N. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. xxii. Art. _Nature_, 377; _Anim.
sans Vert._ i. p. 317.]
[Footnote 15: _Anim. sans Vert._ i. p. 316.]
[Footnote 16: _Anim. sans Vert._, vol. i. 322.]
[Footnote 17: On the Influence of the Moon on the Earth’s Atmosphere;
_Journal de Physique_, Prairial, an. vi. Most of Lamarck’s other essays
on Meteorology will be found in the periodical just named.]
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