Forerunners and rivals of Christianity : $b being studies in religious history from 330 B.C. to 330 A.D., Vol. 2 (of 2)Legge, Francis
Religion
Forerunners and rivals of Christianity : $b being studies in religious history from 330 B.C. to 330 A.D., Vol. 2 (of 2)
Legge, Francis
Christianity and other religions; Religions
That the Ophites possessed such documents we have proof from the remarks
of the Epicurean Celsus, who may have flourished in the reign of Hadrian
(A.D. 117-138)[229]. In his attack on Christianity called _The True
Discourse_, he charges the Christians generally with possessing a
“diagram” in which the passage of the soul after death through the seven
heavens is portrayed. Origen, in refuting this Epicurean’s arguments
more than a century later, denies that the Church knew anything of such
a diagram, and transfers the responsibility for it to what he calls “a
very insignificant sect called Ophites[230].” He further says that he
has himself seen this diagram and he gives a detailed description of it
sufficient to enable certain modern writers to hazard a guess as to what
it must have looked like[231]. It seems to have been chiefly composed of
circles, those in the uppermost part—which Celsus says were those “above
the heavens”—being two sets of pairs. Each pair consisted of two
concentric circles, one pair being inscribed, according to Origen,
Father-and-Son, and according to Celsus, “a greater and a less” which
Origen declares means the same thing[232]. By the side of this was the
other pair, the outer circle here being coloured yellow and the inner
blue; while between the two pairs was a barrier drawn in the form of a
double-bladed axe[233].
“Above this last” Origen says “was a smaller circle inscribed
‘Love,’ and below it another touching it with the word ‘Life.’ And
on the second circle, which was intertwined with and included two
other circles, another figure like a rhomboid ‘The Forethought of
Sophia.’ And within their (?) point of common section was ‘the
Nature of Sophia.’ And above their point of common section was a
circle, on which was inscribed ‘Knowledge,’ and lower down another
on which was the inscription ‘Comprehension[234].’”
There is also reference made by Origen to “The Gates of Paradise,” and a
flaming sword depicted as the diameter of a flaming circle and guarding
the tree of knowledge and of life; but nothing is said of their
respective places in the diagram.
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