Fors Clavigera (Volume 2 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 2 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Of such architecture the anonymous society will produce the most it
can; and lease it at the highest rents it can; and advertise and
extend itself, so as, if possible, at last to rebuild, after its
manner, all the great cities of Italy. Now the real moving powers
at the bottom of all this are essentially the vanity and lust of
the middle classes, all of them seeking to live, if it may be, in
a cheap palace, with as much cheap pleasure as they can have in it,
and the airs of great people. By 'cheap' pleasure, I mean, as I will
show you in explaining the nature of cursed things, pleasure which
has not been won by attention, or deserved by toil, but is snatched or
forced by wanton passion. But the mechanical power which gives effect
to this vanity and lust, is the instinct of the anonymous society,
and of other such, to get a dividend by catering for them.
It has chanced, by help of the Third Fors, (as again and again in the
course of these letters the thing to my purpose has been brought before
me just when I needed it,) that having to speak of interest of money,
and first of the important part of it consisting in rents, I should
be able to lay my finger on the point of land in all Europe where the
principle of it is, at this moment, doing the most mischief. But, of
course, all our great building work is now carried on in the same way;
nor will any architecture, properly so called, be now possible for
many years in Europe. For true architecture is a thing which puts its
builders to cost--not which pays them dividends. If a society chose to
organize itself to build the most beautiful houses, and the strongest
that it could, either for art's sake, or love's; either palaces for
itself, or houses for the poor; such a society would build something
worth looking at, but not get dividends. True architecture is built by
the man who wants a house for himself, and builds it to his own liking,
at his own cost; not for his own gain, to the liking of other people.
All orders of houses may be beautiful when they are thus built
by their master to his own liking. Three streets from me, at this
moment, is one of the sixteenth century. The corner stones of it are
ten feet long by three broad, and two thick--fifty courses of such,
and the cornice; flawless stones, laid as level as a sea-horizon,
so that the walls become one solid mass of unalterable rock,--four
grey cliffs set square in mid-Florence, some hundred and twenty feet
from cornice to ground. The man who meant to live in it built it
so; and Titian painted his little grand-daughter for him. He got no
dividend by his building--no profit on his picture. House and picture,
absolutely untouched by time, remain to this day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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