Fors Clavigera (Volume 5 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 5 of 8): Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Nevertheless, the Parables have still their living use, as well as
their danger; but the Psalter has become practically dead; and the form
of repeating it in the daily service only deadens the phrases of it by
familiarity. I have occasion to-day, before going on with any work for
Agnes, to dwell on another piece of this writing of the father of
Christ,—which, read in its full meaning, will be as new to us as the
first-heard song of a foreign land.
I will print it first in the Latin, and in the letters and form in
which it was read by our Christian sires.
THE EIGHT PSALM. THIRTEENTH CENTURY TEXT. [32]
Domine dominus noster q̄m admirabile est nomen tuum in universa terra.
Quoniam elevata est magnificentia tua super celos. Ex ore infantium t̄
lactentium p̄fecisti laudem p̄pter inimicos tuos ut destruas inimicū t̄
ultorem. Quoniam videbo celos tuos opera digitor. tuor. lunam t̄ stellas
que tu fundasti Quid est h̥̊ quod memor es ejus, aū filius h̥ōis quia
visitas eum. Minuisti eum paulominus; ab angelis, gloria t̄ honore
coronasti eum t̄ cstituisti eum super opera manuum tuar. Om̄ia subjecisti
sub pedibs ejus, oves t̄ boves univ̄sas, insuper t̄ pecora campi. Volucres
celi t̄ pisces maris q̄ p̄ambulant semitas maris. Domine dominus noster
quam admirabile est nomen tuum in univ̄sa terra.
I translate literally; the Septuagint confirming the Vulgate in the
differences from our common rendering, several of which are important.
“1. Oh Lord, our own Lord, how admirable is thy Name in all the earth!
2. Because thy magnificence is set above the heavens.
3. Out of the mouth of children and sucklings thou hast perfected
praise, because of thine enemies, that thou mightest scatter the enemy
and avenger.
4. Since I see thy heavens, the work of thy fingers, the moon and the
stars which thou hast founded,
5. What is man that thou rememberest him, or the son of man, that thou
lookest on him?
6. Thou hast lessened him a little from the angels; thou hast crowned
him with glory and honour, and hast set him over all the works of thy
hands.
7. Thou hast put all things under his feet; sheep, and all oxen—and the
flocks of the plain.
8. The birds of the heaven and the fish of the sea, and all that walk
in the paths of the sea.
9. Oh Lord, our own Lord, how admirable is thy Name in all the earth!”
Note in Verses 1 and 9.—Domine, Dominus noster; our own Lord; Κύριε, ὁ
Κύριος ἡμῶν; claiming thus the Fatherhood. The ‘Lord our Governour’ of
the Prayer Book entirely loses the meaning. How admirable is Thy Name!
θαυμαστον, ‘wonderful,’ as in Isaiah, “His name shall be called
Wonderful, the Counsellor.” Again our translation ‘excellent’ loses the
meaning.
Verse 2.—Thy magnificence. Literally, ‘thy greatness in working’ (Gk.
μεγαλοπρέπεια—splendour in aspect), distinguished from mere ‘glory’ or
greatness in fame.
Verse 3.—Sidney has it:
“From sucklings hath thy honour sprung,
Thy force hath flowed from babies’ tongue.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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