Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Whether the nation be healthy, or in unwholesome degradation of body
and mind; wealthy, or in continual and shameful distress; strong, or in
rapid decline of political power and authority,—the reader will find
debated throughout the various contents of the preceding five volumes
of Fors. But there is one public fact, which cannot be debated—that the
nation is in debt. And the St. George’s Company do practically make it
their first, though not their principal, object, to bring that state of
things to an end; and to establish, instead of a National Debt, a
National Store. (See the last line of the fifth page of the first
letter of the series, published 1st January, 1871, and the eleventh,
and twenty-seventh, letters, throughout.)
That very few readers of this page have any notion, at this moment,
what a National Debt is, or can conceive what a National Store should
be, is one of many evil consequences of the lies which, under the title
of “Political Economy,” have been taught by the ill-educated, and
mostly dishonest, commercial men who at present govern the press of the
country.
I have again and again stated the truth in both these matters, but must
try once more to do it, emphatically, and intelligibly.
A ‘civilized nation’ in modern Europe consists, in broad terms, of (A)
a mass of half-taught, discontented, and mostly penniless populace,
calling itself the people; of (B) a thing which it calls a
government—meaning an apparatus for collecting and spending money; and
(C) a small number of capitalists, many of them rogues, and most of
them stupid persons, who have no idea of any object of human existence
other than money-making, gambling, or champagne-bibbing. A certain
quantity of literary men, saying anything they can get paid to say,—of
clergymen, saying anything they have been taught to say,—of natural
philosophers, saying anything that comes into their heads,—and of
nobility, saying nothing at all, combine in disguising the action, and
perfecting the disorganization, of the mass; but with respect to
practical business, the civilized nation consists broadly of mob,
money-collecting machine, and capitalist.
Now when the civilized mob wants to spend money for any profitless or
mischievous purposes,—fireworks, illuminations, battles, driving about
from place to place, or what not,—being itself penniless, it sets its
money-collecting machine to borrow the sum needful for these amusements
from the civilized capitalist.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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