Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
I have no mind to waste the space of Fors in giving variety of
instances. Any honest and sensible reader, if he chooses, can think out
the truth in such matters for himself. If he be dishonest, or foolish,
no one can teach him. If he is resolved to find reason or excuse for
things as they are, he may find refuge in one lie after another; and,
dislodged from each in turn, fly from the last back to the one he began
with. But there will not long be need for debate—nor time for it. Not
all the lying lips of commercial Europe can much longer deceive the
people in their rapidly increasing distress, nor arrest their straight
battle with the cause of it. Through what confused noise and garments
rolled in blood,—through what burning and fuel of fire, they will work
out their victory,—God only knows, nor what they will do to Barabbas,
when they have found out that he is a Robber, and not a King. But that
discovery of his character and capacity draws very near: and no less
change in the world’s ways than the former fall of Feudalism itself.
In the meantime, for those of us who are Christians, our own way is
plain. We can with perfect ease ascertain what usury is; and in what
express terms forbidden. I had partly prepared, for this Fors, and am
able to give, as soon as needful, an analysis of the terms ‘Increase’
and ‘Usury’ throughout the Old and New Testaments. But the perpetual
confusion of the English terms when the Greek and Latin are clear,
(especially by using the word ‘increase’ in one place, and ‘generation’
in another, at the English translator’s pleasure,) renders the matter
too intricate for the general reader, though intensely interesting to
any honest scholar. I content myself, therefore, with giving the plain
Greek and plain English of Leviticus xxv. 35 to 37. [61]
Ἐὰν δὲ πένηται ὁ ἀδελφός σου, καὶ ἀδυνατήσῃ ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ παρὰ σοὶ,
ἀντιλήψῃ αὐτοῦ ὡς προσηλύτου καὶ παροίκου, καὶ ζήσεται ὁ ἀδελφός σου
μετὰ σοῦ.
Οὐ λήψῃ παρ’ αὐτοῦ τόκον, οὐδὲ ἐπὶ πλήθει, καὶ φοβηθήσῃ τὸν θεόν σου·
ἐγὼ κύριος· καὶ ζήσεται ὀ ἀδελφός σου μετὰ σοῦ.
Τὸ ἀργύριόν σου οὐ δώσεις αὐτῷ τόκῳ, καὶ ἐπὶ πλεονασμῷ οὐ δώσεις αὐτῲ
βρώματά σου·
“And if thy brother be poor, and powerless with his hands, at thy side,
thou shalt take his part upon thee, to help him, [62] as thy proselyte
and thy neighbour; and thy brother shall live with thee. Thou shalt
take no usury of him, nor anything over and above, and thou shalt fear
thy God. I am the Lord, and thy brother shall live with thee. Thou
shalt not give him thy money, for usury; and thou shalt not give him
thy food, for increase.”
There is the simple law for all of us;—one of those which Christ
assuredly came not to destroy, but to fulfil: and there is no national
prosperity to be had but in obedience to it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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