Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great BritainRuskin, John
General
Fors Clavigera (Volume 6 of 8): $b Letters to the workmen and labourers of Great Britain
Ruskin, John
Aesthetics; Conduct of life; Great Britain -- Social conditions -- 19th century; Social problems; Working class -- Great Britain
Farther, in the “Explanatory and Critical Commentary and Revision of
the Translation” (of the Holy Bible) by Bishops and other Clergy of the
Established Church, published in 1871, by Mr. John Murray, you will
find the interesting statement, respecting this verse, that “This is
the first time that the expression—so frequent afterwards—‘the Word of
the Lord’ occurs in the Bible.” The expression is certainly rather
frequent afterwards; and one might have perhaps expected from the
Episcopal and clerical commentators, on this, its first occurrence,
some slight notice of the probable meaning of it. They proceed,
however, without farther observation, to discuss certain problems,
suggested to them by the account of Abram’s vision, respecting
somnambulism; on which, though one would have thought few persons more
qualified than themselves to give an account of that condition, they
arrive at no particular conclusion.
But even their so carefully limited statement is only one-third true.
It is true of the Hebrew Law; not of the New Testament:—of the entire
Bible, it is true of the English version only; not of the Latin, nor
the Greek. Nay, it is very importantly and notably untrue of those
earlier versions.
There are three words in Latin, expressive of utterance in three very
different manners; namely, ‘verbum,’ a word, ‘vox,’ a voice, and
‘sermo,’ a sermon.
Now, in the Latin Bible, when St. John says “the Word was in the
beginning,” he says, the ‘Verbum’ was in the beginning. But here, when
somebody (nobody knows who, and that is a bye question of some
importance,) is represented as saying, “The word of the Lord came to
Abram,” what somebody really says, is that “There was made to Abram a
‘Sermon’ of the Lord.”
Does it not seem possible that one of the almost unconscious reasons of
your clergy for not pointing out this difference in expression, may be
a doubt whether you ought not rather to desire to hear God preach, than
them?
But the Latin word ‘verbum,’ from which you get ‘verbal’ and
‘verbosity,’ is a very obscure and imperfect rendering of the great
Greek word ‘Logos,’ from which you get ‘logic,’ and ‘theology,’ and all
the other logies.
And the phrase “word of the Lord,” which the Bishops, with unusual
episcopic clairvoyance, have really observed to ‘occur frequently
afterwards’ in the English Bible, is, in the Greek Bible always “the
Logos of the Lord.” But this Sermon to Abraham is only ‘rhema,’ an
actual or mere word; in his interpretation of which, I see, my good
Dean of Christ Church quotes the Greek original of Sancho’s proverb,
“Fair words butter no parsneps.” Which we shall presently see to have
been precisely Abram’s—(of course cautiously expressed)—feeling, on
this occasion. But to understand his feeling, we must look what this
sermon of the Lord’s was.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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