Forty Centuries of Ink: Or, A chronological narrative concerning ink and its backgrounds, introducing incidental observations and deductions, parallels of time and color phenomena, bibliography, chemistry, poetical effusions, citations, anecdotes and curiosa together with some evidence respecting the evanescent character of most inks of to-day and an epitome of chemico-legal ink.Carvalho, David Nunes
History
Forty Centuries of Ink: Or, A chronological narrative concerning ink and its backgrounds, introducing incidental observations and deductions, parallels of time and color phenomena, bibliography, chemistry, poetical effusions, citations, anecdotes and curiosa together with some evidence respecting the evanescent character of most inks of to-day and an epitome of chemico-legal ink.
Carvalho, David Nunes
Ink
Which prediction seems to have been long ago fulfilled
as the plant is now exceedingly rare.
The manufacture of Egyptian paper from papyrus
it is said was quite an industry in the ancient city of
Memphis more than six hundred years before the
Christian era.
The Mexicans employed for writing a paper which
somewhat resembled the Egyptian papyrus. It was
prepared from the aloe, called by the natives Maguey
which grows wild over the tablelands of Mexico. It
could be easily colored and seemed to bind to ink
very closely. It could be rolled up in scrolls just like
the more ancient rolls of papyrus.
The following account of an interesting discovery
of a fragment of one of the "Orations of Hyperides,"
by Mr. Harris, the well-known Oriental scholar, is
derived from the London Athenaeum:
"In the winter of 1847 Mr. Harris was sitting
in his boat, under the shade of the well-known
sycamore, on the western bank of the Nile, at
Thebes, ready to start for Nubia, when an Arab
brought him a fragment of a papyrus roll, which
he ventured to open sufficiently to ascertain that it
was written in the Greek language, and which he
bought before proceeding further on his journey.
Upon his return to Alexandria, where circumstances
were more favorable to the difficult operation of
unrolling a fragile papyrus, he discovered that be
possessed a fragment of the oration of Hyperides
against Demosthenes, in the matter of Harpalus,
and also a very small fragment of another oration,
the whole written in extremely legible characters,
and of a form or fashion which those learned in
Greek MSS. consider to be of the time of the
Ptolemies. With these interesting fragments of orations
of an orator so celebrated is Hyperides, of whose
works nothing, is extant but a few quotations in
other Greek writers, he embarked for England.
Upon his arrival there he submitted the precious
relics to the inspection of the Council and members
of the Royal Society of Literature, who were unanimous
in their judgment as to the importance and
genuineness of the MSS.; and Mr. Harris immediately
set to work, and with his own hand made a
lithographic facsimile of each piece. Of this performance
a few copies were printed and distributed
among the savants of Europe,--and Mr. Harris returned
to Alexandria, whence he has made more
than one journey to Thebes in the hope of discovering
some other portion of the volume, of which
he already had a part. In the same year (1847)
another English gentleman, Mr. Joseph Arden, of
London, bought at Thebes a papyrus, which he
likewise brought to England. Induced by the success
of Mr. Harris, Mr. Arden submitted his roll
to the skilful and experienced hands of Mr.
Hogarth; and upon the completion of the operation
of unrolling, the MSS. was discovered to be the
terminating portion of the very same volume of
which Mr. Harris had bought a fragment of the
former part in the very same year, and probably of
the very same Arabs. No doubt now existed that
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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