Reference is made to the genus _Lagenospermum_ in the account of _Lagenostoma_[459]. The species _Lagenospermum Arberi_ has recently been founded by Dr Nathorst[460] on some seeds obtained from Lower Carboniferous rocks in Spitzbergen: a brief description is intercalated here because it is probable that they were borne on fronds of the _Adiantites_ type similar to those on which White found the seeds described by him as _Wardia_. The seeds of _L. Arberi_, 14–18 × 5 mm., are spindle-shaped with an obtuse apex and longitudinally ribbed with a stalk at least 7 mm. long. Nathorst considers that a cupule was probably present: the specimens do not convey the impression of naked seeds and in some examples there are indications of an investing envelope, though this may be the result of tearing of the testa. Nathorst regards the Spitzbergen seeds as probably specifically identical with a specimen described by Schmalhausen[461] from Carboniferous rocks in the Urals as _Rhabdocarpus orientalis_ Eich., a species which agrees closely with _Lagenospermum nitidulum_ as described by Heer[462] (under the name _Carpolithes nitidulus_) and Nathorst[463] from Spitzbergen. It is also possible that Kidston’s _Rhabdocarpus elongatus_[464], from the Lanarkshire coal-field and elsewhere, recently transferred by Arber[465] to _Platyspermum_, is an example of the same species. The chief interest of _Lagenospermum_ lies in the fact, assuming Nathorst’s correlation of the seeds with _Adiantites bellidulus_ Heer to be correct, that it is a typical radiospermic seed, while _Wardia_, borne on foliage of the same general type, is an equally typical platyspermic seed. CHAPTER XXXII. CYCADOFILICES. In this chapter are included several types represented by stems, but which in the absence of definite information with regard to the reproductive organs cannot be assigned to the Pteridosperms. =MEGALOXYLEAE.= =Megaloxylon.= Seward. This genus is represented by a single species founded on a piece of stem from the Lower Coal Measures of Lancashire discovered in the Binney Collection in the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge[466]. Nothing is known as to the leaves, reproductive organs, or roots. The type-specimen consists exclusively of primary and secondary xylem. _Megaloxylon Scotti_ Seward.