Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geologySeward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Science
Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geology
Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Paleobotany
Weiss[594] first figured this species from drawings supplied by
Goldenberg at whose suggestion the name _C. microstachys_ was adopted.
The type-specimen consists of a slender axis bearing numerous narrow
linear leaves and a few imperfect fertile axillary shoots. A specimen
is figured by Kidston[595] from the Upper Coal Measures of Radstock: it
is a rare type in Britain. The species is readily distinguished from
_C. principalis_ and similar forms by the narrow lamina which varies
considerably in length, rarely as long as 30 cm. and not exceeding 1
cm. in breadth. The apex is obtuse and the ribs are either equal in
strength or 1–2 finer striae may alternate with the stronger ribs. The
base of the lamina is 3–4 mm. wide and the leaf-scars have a slightly
arched upper margin and an almost straight lower edge[596]. The foliage
of this species, generally regarded as identical with _C. linearis_
Grand’Eury, bears a close resemblance to that of the Mesozoic genus
_Phoenicopsis_ from which it is distinguished by the occurrence of the
leaves in bunches.
_C. gracilis_ Lesq.[597] is a similar type. The shoot on which
Lesquereux founded his genus _Desmiophyllum_[598] may perhaps be an
example of _Poa-Cordaites_. _Poa-Cordaites tenuifolius_ Schmal.[599]
from the Permian of Russia may be identical with _C. microstachys_.
As examples of other forms of leaf referred to _Cordaites_, though as
in other cases without any proof of connexion with branches having the
anatomical features of the genus, reference may be made to _Cordaites
circularis_ Grand’Eury[600] from Gard (fig. 468, B) and a smaller leaf
from the same locality compared with _C. Lacoei_ (fig. 468, C) Lesq.
_Cordaites circularis_ is characterised by the almost orbicular lamina
traversed by slightly spreading veins; it recalls some of the larger
_Cyclopteris_ pinnules of Pteridosperm fronds and is indistinguishable
from some leaves assigned to the genus _Dolerophyllum_[601].
[Illustration: Fig. 468. A, _Cordaites_ root-system
(_Rhizo-Cordaites_); B, _Cordaites circularis_ leaf; C, _Cordaites_
sp., cf. _Cordaites Lacoei_; D, _Cordaites crassifolius_, upper and
lower surface of leaf. (After Grand’Eury.)]
The species _C. Lacoei_ was founded by Lesquereux[602] on some detached
specimens 3–12 cm. long and 1·5–5 cm. broad; it is by no means certain
that a specimen referred by Grand’Eury[603] with some hesitation to
this species is Cordaitean.
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