Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geologySeward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Science
Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geology
Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Paleobotany
The leaves of _Cordaites (Noeggerathiopsis) Hislopi_ vary considerably
in size, in some cases reaching a length of 80 cm. (fig. 471); the
lamina tapers gradually from a short distance behind the obtuse apex
to a relatively narrow base: in venation and form the leaves are
very similar to those of _C. principalis_ and other European and
North American species. The specimen from India represented in fig.
472 shows several spathulate leaves attached in a close spiral to
a branch. As White[618] and Zalessky have shown, the stronger ribs
are separated by less prominent striations indicating the presence
of two sizes of hypodermal strands. The obvious resemblance between
_Noeggerathiopsis Hislopi_ and species of _Cordaites_ has long been
recognised and many authors have included Feistmantel’s genus in the
Cordaitales[619]. Prof. Zeiller[620] preferred to retain the name
_Noeggerathiopsis_ as a precautionary measure, chiefly on the ground
that the stomata appeared to be less definitely arranged in rows
and more scattered than in the European leaves of _Cordaites_, and
because of the absence of interstitial veins. We have as yet little
information as to the arrangement of the stomata, but in view of the
irregularity in stomatal grouping in recent leaves this feature is,
perhaps, of minor importance. The presence of interstitial ‘veins’ has
now been established in Indian[621] and South American[622] leaves. In
a paper published in 1908[623] the name _Cordaites_ was substituted for
_Noeggerathiopsis_ and Zalessky’s recent work supports this step. The
description by Zalessky of the ribbing in Goeppert’s species _Cordaites
aequalis_ from Siberia shows how uncertain and variable a character the
venation is even in different parts of the same leaf.
_Cordaites Clerci_ Zalessky.
This species (fig. 469, D) was instituted for some small lanceolate
or spathulate leaves from the Petschora basin (Adzva River)[624]
reaching a length of 6 cm. and a breadth of 1 cm. It is separated from
_Cordaites aequalis_ on the ground that the veins are more numerous, as
many as 44 in a breadth of 1 cm.
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