Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geologySeward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Science
Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geology
Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Paleobotany
Fig. 481, A, B, _Cordaianthus Grand’Euryi_ Ren., shows a longitudinal
section of the nucellus, 1·5 × ·7 mm., and part of the integument of
an ovule at the time of pollination, which was probably aided by the
secretion of a drop of mucilage as in the ovules of recent Conifers.
The integument, separated by a broad space from the nucellus, is cut
in the plane of the two vascular strands, _v_. From the centre of its
broad upper surface the nucellus projects upwards as a beak, _b_,
and this originally engaged with the micropylar canal formed by the
integument: the lighter patch below the beak is the pollen-chamber
(fig. 481, B, _pc_) containing two microspores, and two more, _p_, are
seen above the nucellar beak. In another species described by Renault,
_C. Lacattii_, the nucellus fills the space bounded by the integument.
* * * * *
(_b_) _Staminate inflorescences._ The male inflorescence, though
smaller, is similar in habit to the ovulate shoot: the secondary branch
consists of a short axis bearing crowded, spirally disposed, bracts,
and the actual flowers are represented by single stamens or groups of
2–3 highly specialised microsporophylls. Each microsporophyll consists
of a long filament with a central vascular strand bearing at its apex
3–4 long microsporangia (fig. 481, F, _m_) which open longitudinally
as seen in fig. 482, A. The microsporangia are 2·5–3 mm. long covered
by dark palisade cells and thin-walled parenchyma, shown as indistinct
patches in the photograph. Some of the elliptical and comparatively
large microspores are seen in fig. 482, B; the exine is finely punctate
and inside are the remains of a few thin cells in which presumably
spermatozoids were developed. The microspores shown in fig. 482,
B, have a maximum length of 0·1 mm.: Renault describes some as 0·9
mm. long while others are much smaller. Fig. 481, F, is a transverse
section of a staminate inflorescence showing near the centre five
groups of microsporangia, each sporangium having the form of a curved
incomplete dark band indicating that dehiscence has occurred.
[Illustration: Fig. 482. _Cordaianthus._ Microsporangia, A, and
Microspores, B. (University College Collection, London.)]
=Mesoxylon.= Scott and Maslen.
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