Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geologySeward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Science
Fossil plants, Vol. 3 : $b A text-book for students of botany and geology
Seward, A. C. (Albert Charles)
Paleobotany
The name _Yuccites_[726] was given to some detached, broad, linear
leaves from the Bunter sandstone of the Vosges which were compared with
the foliage of _Yucca_ and classed among Monocotyledons. The authors
of the genus also described a cylindrical cast as a _Yuccites_ stem,
including both stem and leaves in _Yuccites vogesiacus_. The supposed
stem, as Fliche[727] has shown, is a pith-cast and is appropriately
named by him _Endolepis vogesiacus_. The Vosges leaves are assigned
by this author to the genus _Cordaites_, a change of name which may
eventually be justified though as yet based on insufficient evidence.
There are objections to the institution of a new name in place of
_Yuccites_, but it is undesirable to retain a designation suggesting
false ideas with regard to affinity. A new name _Pelourdea_ (after
M. Pelourde of Paris, whose recent death deprives Palaeobotany of an
able and promising investigator) is therefore proposed for leaves of
the _Yuccites_ type which in form, venation, and spiral phyllotaxis
agree with those of _Cordaites_ but cannot confidently be assigned to
that genus or even to the Cordaitales. For linear leaves, especially
from Jurassic strata, resembling those of _Phoenicopsis_ the name
_Desmiophyllum_[728] is employed: these are very similar to those of
_Pelourdea_; they are characterised by their fairly uniform breadth and
afford no indication of their arrangement on the supporting axis.
_Pelourdea vogesiaca_ (Schimper and Mougeot).
The linear-lanceolate leaves described by Schimper and Mougeot as
_Yuccites vogesiacus_ and transferred by Fliche to _Cordaites_ are
probably specifically identical with specimens described by Mr
Wills[729] from Lower Keuper rocks in Worcestershire. The English
leaves were described by Arber[730] as _Zamites grandis_,—the name
_Zamites vogesiacus_ having been previously used by Schimper and
Mougeot,—on the ground that the supposed leaves were probably pinnae
of a cycadean frond, a view in agreement with an opinion previously
expressed with regard to similar leaves from Stonesfield[731]. A later
discovery by Wills of specimens, on which the drawing reproduced in
fig. 484 is based, of the same type of leaf showing the foliar nature
of the fossils necessitated the abandonment of the pinna-hypothesis,
and the original name _Yuccites vogesiacus_ was resuscitated[732]. The
leaves reach a length of 50 cm. and a maximum breadth of 6·5 cm.; the
lamina is entire, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, the apex acuminate,
and the lower part rather abruptly contracted and attached by a broad
crescentic base; veins numerous, parallel, and occasionally forked.
Fliche records the occurrence of a small _Artisia_-like pith-cast and
pieces of stem with leaf-scars (4 × 3 mm.) in association with leaves
of _Pelourdea vogesiaca_ in Triassic strata in Lorraine. An imperfectly
preserved specimen described by Fliche as _Cordaianthus Minieri_[733]
resembles an inflorescence of _Cordaites_.
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