[Illustration: Fig. 427. _Codonotheca caduca_. 1. The vascular tissue preserved as a conical base which was originally surrounded by fleshy tissue (_cf._ 5); I–III, VI, vascular bundles (× 2). 2, 3. Segments with spores; _c_, floor of cup (nat. size). 4. Vascular tissue as a cone in the middle of the fleshy base (nat. size). 5. Plan of the whole organ opened out flat (nat. size). 6. Spores (× 28). 8. A single spore showing median slit (× 84). (After Sellards.)] A Spitzbergen, Culm, fossil recently described by Nathorst[351] as _Codonotheca (?) pusilla_ is briefly referred to under the genus _Pterispermostrobus_. =SCHÜTZIA.= Geinitz. This generic name was instituted by Geinitz[352] for some Permian fossils obtained by Bergmeister Schütz and regarded by the author of the genus as probably fertile branches of some Conifer. A more complete account was published by Goeppert[353] in his ‘Permian Flora,’ where the name _Anthodiopsis Beinertiana_ occurs on the Plates, printed before the publication of Geinitz’s description, but in the text the specimens are referred to _Schützia anomala_. _Schützia anomala_ Geinitz. The type-species, recorded from Bohemia and Silesia, is represented by fertile shoots consisting of a thick main axis bearing apparently two-ranked though probably spirally disposed short lateral branches, each of which terminates in a receptacle with numerous crowded linear-lanceolate bracts superficially resembling a partially expanded inflorescence of a Composite. Goeppert believed that the branches bore seeds and he refers to this species a number of detached, longitudinally striated and bluntly terminated, seeds. The same author describes other specimens from the same localities associated with _Schützia anomala_, which he names _Dictyothalamus Schrollianus_[354]: in habit these agree closely with _Schützia_ but the receptacles, the reticulate appearance of which suggested the generic name _Dictyothalamus_, bear a large number of small bodies regarded as seeds. The preservation of the fossils is not such as to enable us to determine their true nature but it is probable that _Schützia_ and _Dictyothalamus_ are not generically distinct. In his description of _Dictyothalamus_ Goeppert suggests that the two associated types may be the male and female shoots of one plant, but he speaks of seeds in both cases. Schimper[355], who unites _Dictyothalamus_ with _Schützia_, regards the latter as female and the former as male. _Schützia Bennieana_ Kidston. This species, described by Kidston[356] from the Calciferous series of Scotland, differs from _S. anomala_ in its much more slender axis and in the relatively narrower and less globular clusters of bract-like appendages. The principal axis bears three lateral branches with terminal clusters of acute and narrow linear scale-leaves. No seeds were found in association with the specimens. _Schützia permiensis_ (Renault).