decline, a time would return when the ice, as before, would be controlled in its flow by the Baltic depression, and this would give rise to a further distribution of erratics in a prevalent west-by-south direction.[T] [T] For a fuller discussion of the distribution of erratics on the Continent, I may refer to Appendix, Note B, in _Prehistoric Europe_, where the reader will find references to the literature of this interesting subject. [Continental geologists now recognise a distinct stage of the Ice Age, during which their "Upper Diluvium" was deposited by a great glacier that occupied the basin of the Baltic. This "Great Baltic Glacier" appears to have been contemporaneous with the local ice-sheets and valley-glaciers of the Highlands and other mountain-tracts of our island. See Article X. 1892.] No one of late years has been more assiduous in the collection of facts relating to the intercrossing of erratics in the drift-deposits of England than Mr. D. Mackintosh.[U] He has written many instructive and interesting descriptions of the phenomena in question, which he justly thinks are of prime importance from a theoretical point of view. In a recent paper[V] he presents us with the results of a systematic survey of the direction and limits of dispersion of the erratics of the west of England and east of Wales, which he evidently is of opinion afford strong support to the iceberg theory, while at the same time they are directly opposed to the theory of transport by land-ice. I have attentively considered all the arguments advanced by Mr. Mackintosh in favour of his views--the one upon which he apparently lays most stress being that of the intercrossings of erratics observed by him--and I shall now proceed to point out how the phenomena described by him are most satisfactorily explained by the land-ice theory. They seem to me, indeed, to lend additional support to that theory, in the same manner as the intercrossings of boulders observed in Scotland, northern Germany, etc., and sub-alpine regions of France. Mr. Mackintosh calls attention to the fact that erratics of the well-known Criffel granite are found scattered over a large part of the plain of Cumberland, from which they extend south along the coast to near the mouth of the estuary of the Duddon. They reappear on the coast in the neighbourhood of Blackpool and Liverpool, and again at intervals on the coasts of north Wales from Flint to Colwyn Bay, and thence to Penmaenmawr and the neighbourhood of Beaumaris. They are dispersed over the peninsula of Wirral and the Cheshire plain, etc., and they have been followed south-east as far as the neighbourhood of Cardington, near Church Stretton, Burton, Wolverhampton, Stafford, Hare Castle, Macclesfield, and Manchester. This great stream of boulders, therefore, spreads out to south-east, south, and south-west: the erratics, to quote Mr. Mackintosh, "have radiated from an area much smaller than their