{7. Ground-moraines, terminal moraines, etc., of the { mountain regions of Britain; upper diluvium { of Scandinavia, Finland, north Germany, etc.; { great terminal moraines of same regions; terminal { moraines in the large longitudinal valleys { of the Alps (Penck). { { Major portion of Scottish Highlands covered Glacial { by ice-sheet; local ice-sheets in Southern Uplands { of Scotland and mountain districts in { other parts of Britain; great valley-glaciers { sometimes coalesce on low-grounds; icebergs { calved at mouths of Highland sea-lochs; terminal { moraines dropped upon marine deposits { then forming (100-feet beach). Scandinavia { shrouded in a great ice-sheet, which broke { away in icebergs along the whole west coast of { Norway. Epoch of the last great Baltic glacier. {8. Freshwater alluvia (with arctic plants); "lower { buried forest and peat" (Britain and north-west { Europe generally). Carse-clays and raised { beaches of 45 to 50-feet level in Scotland. Interglacial { { Britain again continental; climate at first { cold, subsequently becoming temperate: great { forests. Eventual insulation of Britain; climate { humid, and probably colder than now. {9. Local moraines in mountain-valleys of Britain, { here and there resting on 45 to 50-feet beach; { so-called "post-glacial" moraines in the upper { valleys of the Alps. { { Probably final appearance of glaciers in our Glacial { islands. Some of these glaciers attained a { considerable size, reaching the sea and shedding { icebergs. It may be noted here that the decay { of these latest glaciers was again followed by { emergence of the land and a recrudescence of { forest-growth ("upper buried forest"). A word of reference may now be made to that remarkable association of evidence of submergence, with proofs of glacial conditions, which has so frequently been noted by geologists. Take, for example, the succession in Scotland, and observe how each glacial epoch was preceded and apparently accompanied by partial submergence of the land:--