Carignan-Salières was the first regiment of regular troops ever sent to America by the French government. It was raised in Savoy by the Prince of Carignan in 1644, but was soon employed in the service of France; where, in 1652, it took a conspicuous part, on the side of the king, in the battle with Condé and the Fronde at the Porte St. Antoine. After the peace of the Pyrenees, the Prince of Carignan, unable to support the regiment, gave it to the king, and it was, for the first time, incorporated into the French armies. In 1664, it distinguished itself, as part of the allied force of France, in the Austrian war against the Turks. In the next year it was ordered to America, along with the fragment of a regiment formed of Germans, the whole being placed under the command of Colonel de Salières. Hence its double name. * Fifteen heretics were discovered in its ranks, and quickly converted. ** Then the new crusade was preached; the crusade against the Iroquois, enemies of God and tools of the devil. The soldiers and the people were filled with a zeal half warlike and half religious. “They are made to understand,” writes Mother Mary, “that this is a holy war, all for the glory of God and the salvation of souls. The fathers are doing wonders in inspiring them with true sentiments of piety and * For a long notice of the regiment of Carignan-Salières (Lorraine), see Susane, Ancienne Infanterie Française V 236. The portion of it which returned to France from Canada formed a nucleus for the reconstruction of the regiment, which, under the name of the regiment of Lorraine, did not cease to exist as a separate organization till 1794. When it came to Canada it consisted, says Susane, of about a thousand men, besides about two hundred of the other regiment incorporated with it. Compare Mémoire du Roy pour servir d’instruction au Sieur Talon, which corresponds very nearly with Susane’s statement. ** Besides these, there was Berthier, a captain, “Voilà” writes Talon to the king, “le 16me converti; ainsi votre Majesté moissonne déjà à pleines mains de la gloire pour Dieu, et pour elle bien de la renommée dans toute l’étendue de la Chrétienté” Lettre au 7 Oct., 1665. devotion. Fully five hundred soldiers have taken the scapulary of the Holy Virgin. It is we (_the Ursulines_), who make them; it is a real pleasure to do such work;” and she proceeds to relate a “_beau miracle_” by which God made known his satisfaction at the fervor of his military servants.