Specific directions accompany four designs of Sofas. “When made large, they have a bolster and pillow at each End,” and Cushions at the Back, which may be laid down occasionally and form a mattress. The upper sofa is designed to have the Back Corners Circular, which must look well. The Sizes differ greatly; but commonly they are from 6 to 9 or 10 feet long; the Depth of the Seat from Front to Back from 2 feet, 3 inches, to 3 feet; and the Height of the Seat 1 foot 2 inches with casters. The scrolls are 18 to 19 inches high. Part of the carving may be left out, if required. The _chaise longue_ also appears, and of it the designer says: “This is what the French call ‘_Péché Mortel_.’ They are sometimes made to take asunder in the middle: one part makes a large easy chair and the other, a stool, and the feet join in the middle, which looks badly.” This, of course, is the _duchesse_, consisting of a _fauteuil_ and a _tabouret_ (see pages 208 and 209). Chippendale recommends for this a “thick mattress, 6 feet long in the clear; and 2 feet, 6 inches to 2 feet broad.” Turning now to the chairs, a close examination will show almost double the number actually represented; because Chippendale often gives different motives for carving on the two sides of the special chair. He draws French chairs, Gothic chairs, Chinese chairs, Garden chairs, Hall chairs and his favourite “Ribband Back chairs.” The latter, one variety of which appears to the reader’s left on Plate XXXVIII., is one of “three Ribband-back Chairs, which, if I may speak without vanity, are the best I have ever seen (or perhaps have ever been made). The Chair on the left hand has been executed from this Design, which had an excellent effect, and gave satisfaction to all who saw it. I make no doubt but the other two will give the same content, if properly handled in the execution.” The length of the front leg is 19 inches; the rail of the seat (upholstered with small nails touching one another) is 22¾ inches; the seat is 18 inches square; and the back from seat to top rail 22 or 23 inches high. “If the seats are covered with red morocco,” Chippendale assures us, “they will have a fine effect.” Describing a series of eighteen chairs, Chippendale says these “are various designs of Chairs for patterns. The front feet are mostly different for the greater choice. The seats look best when stuffed over the rails and have a Brass Border neatly chased; but are most commonly done with Brass Nails, in one or two Rows; and sometimes the Nails are done to imitate Fretwork. They are usually covered with the same stuff as the Window Curtains. The Height of the Back seldom exceeds twenty-two inches above the Seats.” Another set is thus described: