The scene in which the high-priest, Jehoiada, for the first time
discloses to his foster-son, Joash, the latter's royal descent from
David, and his true heirship to the throne of Judah, will serve
sufficiently to exhibit what maturity of modest and pious wisdom the
dramatist attributes to this Hebrew boy of nine or ten years. Nine or
ten years of age Racine makes Joash, instead of seven, as Scripture
interpreted without violence would make him. The lad has had his sage
curiosity excited by seeing preparations in progress for some important
ceremonial. That ceremonial is his own coronation, but he does not guess
the secret. Nay, he has just touchingly asked his foster-mother,
observed by him to be in tears:
What pity touches you? Is it that, in a holocaust to be this day
offered, I, like Jephtha's daughter in other times, must pacify by my
death the anger of the Lord? Alas, a son has nothing that does not
belong to his father!
The discreet foster-mother refers the lad to her husband, Jehoiada, now
approaching. Joash rushes into the arms of the high-priest, exclaiming,
"My father!" "Well, my son?" the high-priest replies. "What
preparations, then, are these?" asks Joash. The high-priest bids him
prepare himself to listen and learn, the time being now come for him to
pay his debt to God:
_Joash._ I feel myself ready, if he wishes it, to give to him my life.
_Jehoiada._ You have often heard read the history of our kings. Do you
remember, my son, what strict laws a king worthy of the crown ought to
impose upon himself?
_Joash._ A wise and good king, so hath God himself declared, puts not
his reliance upon riches and gold; he fears the Lord his God, has ever
before him his precepts, his laws, his judgments severe, and does not
with unjust burdens overwhelm his brethren.
Fenelon had already been two years preceptor to the Duke of Burgundy
when this tragedy was written. It is impossible not to feel that Racine
must have had that prince in mind when he put into the mouth of young
Joash sentiments so likely to have been instilled into the heart of his
royal pupil, the great king's grandson, by such a preceptor as Fenelon.
How could the selfish old monarch of France contrive to avoid
recognizing his own portrait suggested by contrast in that description
of the good king from the lips of little Joash? Racine was here treading
on treacherous ground. He will presently find his footing quite give way
under him, to let him down into the "horrible pit" of disgrace with his
king. This not, however, in the present play.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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