The king's authority over the subject is absolute, but the authority
of the law is absolute over him. His power to do good is unlimited,
but he is restrained from doing evil. The laws have put the people
into his hands, as the most valuable deposit, upon condition that he
shall treat them as his children. It is the intent of the law that the
wisdom and equity of one man shall be the happiness of many, and not
that the wretchedness and slavery of many should gratify the pride and
luxury of one. The king ought to possess nothing more than the
subject, except what is necessary to alleviate the fatigue of his
station, and impress upon the minds of the people a reverence of that
authority by which the laws are executed. Moreover, the king should
indulge himself less, as well in ease as in pleasure, and should be
less disposed to the pomp and the pride of life than any other man. He
ought not to be distinguished from the rest of mankind by the
greatness of his wealth, or the vanity of his enjoyments, but by
superior wisdom, more heroic virtue, and more splendid glory. Abroad
he ought to be the defender of his country, by commanding her armies;
and at home the judge of his people, distributing justice among them,
improving their morals, and increasing their felicity. It is not for
himself that the gods have intrusted him with royalty. He is exalted
above individuals only that he may be the servant of the people. To
the public he owes all his time, all his attention, and all his love;
he deserves dignity only in proportion as he gives up private
enjoyments for the public good.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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