TYPE[AJ], _Spongilla loricata_, Weltner. [Footnote AJ: Potts's _Spongilla novæ-terræ_ from Newfoundland and N. America cannot belong to this genus although it has similar flesh-spicules, for, as Weltner has pointed out (_op. cit. supra_ p. 126), the gemmule-spicules are abortive rotulæ. This is shown very clearly in the figure published by Petr (Rozp. Ceske Ak. Praze, Trída, ii, pl. ii, figs. 27, 28, 1899), who assigns the species to _Heteromeyenia_. Weltner places it in _Ephydatia_, and it seems to be a connecting link between the two genera. It has been suggested that it is a hybrid (Traxler, Termes. Fuzetek, xxi, p. 314, 1898).] Spongillidæ in which the gemmule-spicules are without a trace of rotulæ and the flesh-spicules have slender cylindrical shafts that bear at or near either end a circle of strong recurved spines. The gemmule-spicules are usually stout and sausage-shaped, and the gemmules resemble those of _Stratospongilla_ in structure. The skeleton is strong and the skeleton-spicules stout, both resembling those of the "genus" _Potamolepis_, Marshall. As in all other genera of Spongillidæ the structure of the skeleton is somewhat variable, the spicule-fibres of which it is composed being much more distinct in some species than in others. The skeleton-spicules are often very numerous and in some cases the skeleton is so compact and rigid that the sponge may be described as stony. The flesh-spicules closely resemble the gemmule-spicules of some species of _Ephydatia_ and _Heteromeyenia_. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.--The species of this genus are probably confined to Africa (whence at least four are known) and the Oriental Region. One has been recorded from Burma and another from the Bombay Presidency. _Key to the Indian Species of_ Corvospongilla. I. Gemmule with two layers of gemmule-spicules; those of the inner layer not markedly smaller than those of the outer. _burmanica_, p. 123. II. Gemmule with two layers of gemmule-spicules, the outer of which contains spicules of much greater size than the inner. _lapidosa_, p. 124. 22. Corvospongilla burmanica* (_Kirkpatrick_). (Plate II, fig. 5.) _Spongilla loricata_ var. _burmanica_, Kirkpatrick, Rec. Ind. Mus. ii, p. 97, pl. ix (1908). _Sponge_ forming a shallow sheet, hard, not very strong, of a pale brownish colour; the surface irregularly spiny; the oscula small but conspicuous, circular, raised on little turret-like eminences; the external membrane adhering closely to the sponge. _Skeleton_ dense but by no means regular; the network composed largely of single spines; thick radiating fibres distinguishable in the upper part of the sponge.