[Footnote AX: Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, iv, p. 124 (1891).] [Footnote AY: Bibliotheca Zoologica, ii, pt. 6, p. 17 (1890).] The external form of the statoblasts is very important in the classification of the phylactolæmata, to which these structures are confined. In all the genera that occur in India they are flattened and have an oval, circular, or approximately oval outline. In temperate climates statoblasts are produced in great profusion at the approach of winter, but in India they occur, in most species, in greatest numbers at the approach of the hot weather. [Illustration: Fig. 31.--Part of the zoarium of _Victorella bengalensis_ entirely transformed into resting buds, × 25. (From an aquarium in Calcutta.)] In the family Paludicellidæ (ctenostomata) external buds which resemble the statoblasts in many respects are produced at the approach of unfavourable climatic conditions, but no such buds are known in the family Hislopiidæ, the zoaria of which appear to be practically perennial. The buds consist of masses of cells formed at the points at which ordinary buds would naturally be produced, but packed with food-material and protected like statoblasts by a thick horny coat. It seems also that old zooecia and polypides are sometimes transformed into buds of the kind (fig. 31), and it is possible that there is some connection between the formation of brown bodies and their production. Like the statoblasts of the phylactolæmata the resting buds of the Paludicellidæ are produced in Europe at the approach of winter, and in India at that of the hot weather. DEVELOPMENT. (a) _From the Egg._ Some polyzoa are oviparous, while in others a larva is formed within the zooecium and does not escape until it has attained some complexity of structure. Both the ctenostomatous genera that are found in fresh water in India are oviparous, but whereas in _Victorella_ the egg is small and appears to be extruded soon after its fertilization, in _Hislopia_ it remains in the zooecium for a considerable time, increases to a relatively large size, and in some unknown manner accumulates a considerable amount of food-material before escaping. Unfortunately the development is unknown in both genera.