_Zooecia._ The zooecia are very slender and almost cylindrical; they are slightly emarginate and furrowed, the keel in which the furrow runs being sometimes prominent. The external surface is minutely roughened and apparently soft, for small grains of sand and other débris cling to it, but never thickly. The ectocyst is practically colourless but not transparent. _Statoblasts._ The statoblasts are variable in size and form but most commonly have a regular broad oval outline; sometimes they are kidney-shaped. The dorsal surface is covered with minute star-shaped prominences, which sometimes cover it almost uniformly and are sometimes more numerous in the centre than towards the periphery. The ventral surface is smooth. _Polypide._ The lophophore bears about 20-25 tentacles, which are very slender and of moderate length; the velum at their base is narrow; as a rule the lophophore is accurately circular. TYPE in the Indian Museum. The most definite character in which this species differs from _F. sultana_ and _F. australiensis_ is the ornamentation of one surface of the statoblast, both surfaces of which are smooth in the two latter species. From _F. cunningtoni_, the statoblasts of which are unknown, it differs in having almost cylindrical instead of depressed zooecia and in not having the zooecia densely covered with sand-grains. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.--Western India (the Malabar Zone): Igatpuri Lake, W. Ghats (alt. ca. 2,000 feet), Bombay Presidency, and Shasthancottah Lake near Quilon, Travancore. BIOLOGY.--In both the lakes in which the species has yet been found it was collected in November. The specimens obtained in Travancore were found to be undergoing a process of regeneration due at least partly to the fact that most of the polypides had perished and that statoblasts were germinating in the old zooecia. Specimens from the Bombay Presidency, which were obtained a little later in the month, were in a more vigorous condition, although even they contained many young polypides that were not yet fully formed. It seems, therefore, not improbable that _F. indica_ dies down at the beginning of the hot weather and is regenerated by the germination of its statoblasts at the beginning of the cold weather. At Shasthancottah zoaria were found entangled with zoaria of a delicate form of _Plumatella fruticosa_ to which they bore a very close external resemblance. Family 2. PLUMATELLIDÆ. PLUMATELLIDÆ, Allman (_partim_), Mon. Fresh-Water Polyzoa, pp. 76, 81 (1857). Phylactolæmata which have horseshoe-shaped lophophores and a well-developed ectocyst not specialized to form an organ of progression. Some or all of the statoblasts are provided with a "swim-ring" consisting of symmetrically disposed, polygonal chitinous chambers containing air. It is convenient to divide the Plumatellidæ as thus defined into subfamilies (the Plumatellinæ and the Lophopinæ), which may be defined as follows:-- Subfamily A. PLUMATELLINÆ.