Monroe Doctrine, compared with policy of isolation, 3; justification of, 4; formulation of, 19; text of, 36-39; reception of, in Europe, 39; basis of, 43; sanction of, 45; relation of, to European balance of power, 46, 52; attitude of England toward, 52; negative side of, 57; adverse criticism of, 131; not a self-denying declaration, 147; reservation of, 232, 249. Moore, John Bassett, 263. Moroccan question. _See_ Algeciras Conference. Motley, John L., 113. Munitions of war, sale of to belligerents, 181-184. McKinley, William, reasons for retaining Philippine Islands, 84, 85. McLeod, Alexander, arrest of, 104; acquittal of, 105. Napoleon, Louis, intervenes in Mexico, 46; decides to withdraw, 47, 48. Neutral prizes, destruction of, 72, 180. Neutrality, Washington's proclamation of 1793, 8; failure of, in Napoleonic wars, 14, 15; Wilson's proclamation of, 172; nature of, 172, 173; so-called ethical neutrality, 174; abandonment of, 186. New Brunswick, boundary dispute with Maine, 106. Niagara conference on Mexican question, 162. Olney, Richard, on Monroe Doctrine, 43; conducts correspondence on Venezuelan boundary dispute, 48; signs general arbitration treaty with England, 116. Olney-Pauncefote treaty, 116, 117. Open-door policy in China, Hay's note of September 6, 1890, 85; Anglo-American origin of, 87; guaranteed by treaty, 284. Oregon, joint occupation of, 107. O'Shaughnessy, Nelson, 162. Pacific and Far Eastern Questions, Conference on, 266-290. Panama Canal, effect of, on naval policy, 132. Panama Canal Zone, seizure of, 142. Panama Congress of 1826, 153, 154. Panama Tolls Act, 121. Pan-American Financial Congress, 157. Pan-American Scientific Congress, 157. Pan-American Union, 156. Pan-Americanism, 153-157. Pauncefote, Sir Julian, signs general arbitration treaty with United States, 116; signs Canal treaty, 120. Platt Amendment, provisions of, 144, 145. Peace Conference of Paris, 225-242. _See_ Hague Conference. Perry, Commodore Matthew C. commands expedition to Japan, 83, 84, 95. Philippine Islands, McKinley's reasons for retaining, 84, 85. Polignac, Prince, interview with Canning on subject of the Spanish colonies, 35. Polk, James K., settles Oregon dispute, 110. Portsmouth, treaty of, 94. Prize Court. _See_ International Prize Court. Prizes, destruction of, 179, 180. Recognition, doctrine of, discussed with reference to Mexican question, 161. Reparations, 236, 237. Reservations to Treaty of Versailles, 248-251, 254.