From Ritual to RomanceWeston, Jessie L. (Jessie Laidlay)
Religion
From Ritual to Romance
Weston, Jessie L. (Jessie Laidlay)
Grail -- Legends -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
Nor in view of the persistent vitality and survival, even to our own
day, of the Exoteric practices can there be anything improbable in the
hypothesis of a late survival of the Esoteric side of the ritual.
Cumont points out that the worship of Mithra was practised in the fifth
century in certain remote cantons of the Alps and the Vosges—_i.e._, at
the date historically assigned to King Arthur. Thus it would not be in
any way surprising if a tradition of the survival of these
semi-Christian rites at this period also existed.[15] In my opinion it
is the tradition of such a survival which lies at the root, and
explains the confused imagery, of the text we know as the
_Elucidation_. I have already, in my short study of the subject, set
forth my views; as I have since found further reasons for maintaining
the correctness of the solution proposed, I will repeat it here.[16]
The text in question is found in three of our existing Grail versions:
in the MS. of Mons; in the printed edition of 1530; and in the German
translation of Wisse-Colin. It is now prefixed to the poem of Chrétien
de Troyes, but obviously, from the content, had originally nothing to
do with that version.
It opens with the passage quoted above (p. 130) in which Master Blihis
utters his solemn warning against revealing the secret of the Grail. It
goes on to tell how aforetime there were maidens dwelling in the
hills[17] who brought forth to the passing traveller food and drink.
But King Amangons outraged one of these maidens, and took away from her
her golden Cup:
“Des puceles une esforcha
Et la coupe d’or li toli—[4].”
His knights, when they saw their lord act thus, followed his evil
example, forced the fairest of the maidens, and robbed them of their
cups of gold. As a result the springs dried up, the land became waste,
and the court of the Rich Fisher, which had filled the land with
plenty, could no longer be found.
For 1000 years the land lies waste, till, in the days of King Arthur,
his knights find maidens wandering in the woods, each with her
attendant knight. They joust, and one, Blihos-Bliheris, vanquished by
Gawain, comes to court and tells how these maidens are the descendants
of those ravished by King Amangons and his men, and how, could the
court of the Fisher King, and the Grail, once more be found, the land
would again become fertile. Blihos-Bliheris is, we are told, so
entrancing a story-teller that none at court could ever weary of
listening to his words.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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