From Ritual to RomanceWeston, Jessie L. (Jessie Laidlay)
Religion
From Ritual to Romance
Weston, Jessie L. (Jessie Laidlay)
Grail -- Legends -- History and criticism; Romances -- History and criticism
I would also recall to the memory of the reader the passage previously
quoted from Cumont, in which he refers to the use made by the
Neo-Platonist philosophers of the Attis legend, as the mould into which
they poured their special theories of the universe, and of
generation.[13] Can the importance of a cult capable of such
far-reaching developments be easily exaggerated? Secondly, and of more
immediate importance for our investigation, is it not evident that we
have here all the elements necessary for a mystical development of the
Grail tradition? The Exoteric side of the cult gives us the Human, the
Folk-lore, elements—the Suffering King; the Waste Land; the effect upon
the Folk; the task that lies before the hero; the group of Grail
symbols. The Esoteric side provides us with the Mystic Meal, the Food
of Life, connected in some mysterious way with a Vessel which is the
centre of the cult; the combination of that vessel with a Weapon, a
combination bearing a well-known ‘generative’ significance; a double
initiation into the source of the lower and higher spheres of Life; the
ultimate proof of the successful issue of the final test in the
restoration of the King. I would ask any honest-minded critic whether
any of the numerous theories previously advanced has shown itself
capable of furnishing so comprehensive a solution of the _ensemble_
problem?
At the same time it should be pointed out that the acceptance of this
theory of the origin of the story in no way excludes the possibility of
the introduction of other elements during the period of romantic
evolution. As I have previously insisted,[14] not all of those who
handled the theme knew the real character of the material with which
they were dealing, while even among those who did know there were some
who allowed themselves considerable latitude in their methods of
composition; who did not scruple to introduce elements foreign to the
original _Stoff_, but which would make an appeal to the public of the
day. Thus while Bleheris who, I believe, really held a tradition of the
original cult, contented himself with a practically simple recital of
the initiations, later redactors, under the influence of the Crusades,
and the Longinus legend—possibly also actuated by a desire to
substitute a more edifying explanation than that originally
offered—added a directly Christian interpretation of the Lance. As it
is concerning the Lance alone that Gawain asks, the first modification
must have been at this point; the bringing into line of the twin
symbol, the Vase, would come later.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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