Lüshun (China) -- History -- Siege, 1904-1905; Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905
Five or six military cyclists are attached to each regiment, and do
the work of orderlies and patrols. Sometimes cyclists are with the
advance guard or with the point. In a country like Japan, where roads
are good and horses few, there is room for military cyclists to compete
with mounted orderlies. The first baggage follows the regiment; the
second baggage is two miles behind the rear guard. A divisional train
is divided into two lines, the first line of wagons being a day’s march
from its main body, and the second line two days’ march behind the main
body.
In choosing quarters the Japanese are nearly always indifferent to
their distance from the enemy, and to any other circumstance. The
infantry are placed in front, then the artillery, and after these the
cavalry and transport trains. The advance guard is stationed about one
mile from the main force, and goes into quarters. The soldiers, when in
quarter, never undress.
In the service of security, from one to several companies of infantry
are used. Each company sends out a small number of sentries, who are
posted at a distance of two miles from the main body. About half a
mile behind these is a larger number of sentries. Each post has three
men, one of whom patrols a short distance in front of the post. From
the picquets patrols are sent along the line of sentries. Picquets and
patrols--large and small--go into quarters, but are ready for battle
at any moment. When the post of an advance guard reaches the line of
sentries, the men engaged in the service of security rejoin the main
body.
The duties of reconnaissance and cavalry patrols are the same as in
the Russian army. Their reports are usually very detailed, accurate,
and trustworthy. When a cavalry patrol meets an enemy it takes up
a defensive position, but retires if threatened by a small body of
infantry. Japanese infantry patrols are clever in reconnaissance.
The method of fighting, as observed in manœuvres, is after this manner.
The fighting body of skirmishers, firing line and supports. There is no
separate support attached to these. Each company sends out skirmishers
to the number of two sections, and as they are not in extended order
they are practically in close order of one line with a short space
between the sections. In the firing line the men usually lie down and
take advantage of any cover. Non-commissioned officers and commanders
of sections kneel on one knee three paces behind the firing line.
The supports take their place from forty to fifty paces behind the
firing line, and when the skirmishers are stationary for some time the
supports kneel on one knee with the rifle close to the leg. Before
the firing line extends for an advance the officers go forward to
reconnoitre the ground and conditions, thereby exposing themselves and
offering a good target.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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