Losantiville, 124 Louisville, 117, 127 Lulbegrud creek, 151 Luray, 131, 132 Lyell, Sir Charles, cited, 126 McClellan, General, 132 Mail, first, received at Utica, 24 Mail bags, race of the, 109 Mail coaches, 94 Manhattan island, 14, 15 Marble, 104, 168, 171 Maryland, 86 Memphis, 172 Middlesboro, 153 Milestone on Braddock’s road, 90 Missionary Ridge, 173 Mobile, 174 Mohawk valley, 16–19, 31, 42, 59 Monongahela river, 93, 96, 111 Morris, Gouverneur, 42 Mount Vernon, 41, 86 Nash, Oliver, 163 Nashborough (Nashville), 163, 171, 173 National Road, the, 91, 93, 96, 123 New Amsterdam, 14 New Jersey, Scotch-Irish in, 66 New Netherlands, 14 New river (Great Kanawha), 134 New York Central Railway, 20, 30, 58, 60, 62 New York City, 2, 7, 14 New York state, 27; well adapted for canal, 44 Newburg, N.Y., 60 _Noah’s Ark_, 49 Nolichucky river, 159 Norfolk and Western Railway, 133 North Adams, Mass., 5 _North American Review_, 102 North Carolina, 137, 146 North-German Lloyd line, 108 Ocmulgee river, 179 Ogden, Utah, 109 Ohio Company, 88 Ohio country, French in, 89 Ohio river, 76, 98, 111, 123, 127, 152 Oil City, 120 Omaha, 109 Oneida Indians, 17 Oneida Carrying Place, 22 Onondaga salt, 27, 113 Ontario, lake, 18, 22, 33 Oriskany, 29, 30, 35 Oswego, 32 Oswego river, 22 Otsego lake, 98 Oyster industry, 104 “Packers,” 72 Packets, 50 Parton, James, cited, 120 Penn, William, 66 Pennsylvania, settlement of, 66 Pennsylvania Railroad, 77–85 “Pennsylvania Dutch,” 66 Pennsylvania canal, 74 Phelps, Abner, 9 Philadelphia, 41, 63 Pike, Pittsburg, 72; Frederick, 93 Pineville gap, 143, 147 Pittsburg, 64, 71, 75, 83, 107, 156; description of, 111, 115, 120, 122; pike, 72 Pittsfield, Mass., 5 Point Pleasant, 155 Portage Railway, Allegheny, 75, 76, 80 Post, John, 23, 24 Potomac Company, 99 Potomac river, 86, 106 Powell, Ambrose, 142 Powell’s river, 134, 142 Prairies in Kentucky, 152 Princeton College, 66 Providence, R.I., 4 Puncheon floors, 140 Queen City, the, 124 Queenstown, 110 Quincy, Mass., 53 Railways: through the Berkshires, 9, 10; from Albany to Schenectady, 9, 53; early, 53, 56; opposition to, 55; growth of, 60, 109, 181; West Shore, 59; Erie, 60; New York Central, 20, 30, 58, 60, 62; Wabash, 102; Baltimore and Ohio, 99, 101, 102, 110; Southern Pacific, 109; Union Pacific, 109; Lake Shore, 110; Norfolk and Western, 133; Southern, 134, 170 Reading, Pa., 79 Red Star line, 108 Redstone, 117 Richardson, Judge John, 46 Rivers important in a country’s growth, 5–7, 16, 17, 24, 26, 31, 41, 122, 126, 133