Fungi: Their Nature and UsesCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Fungi
In _Dacrymyces deliquescens_ are found mingled amongst the spores
immense numbers of small round or ovoid unilocular bodies, without
appendages of any kind, which long puzzled mycologists. Tulasne
ascertained that they are derived from the spores of this fungus when
they have become free, and rest on the surface of the hymenium. Each
of the cells of the spore emits exteriorly one or several of these
corpuscles, supported on very short slender pedicels, which remain
after the corpuscles are detached from them. This latter circumstance
evidences that new corpuscles succeed the firstborn one on each
pedicel as long as there remains any plastic matter within the spore.
The latter, in fact, in consequence of this labour of production,
becomes gradually emptied, and yet preserves the generative pedicels
of the corpuscles, even when it no longer contains any solid or
coloured matter. These pedicels are not all in the same plane, as may
be ascertained by turning the spore on its longitudinal axis; but it
often seems to be so when they are looked at in profile, on account of
the very slight distance which then separates them one from another.
It will also be remarked that they are in this case often implanted
all on the same side of the reproductive body, and most often on its
convex side. Their fecundity is exhausted with the plastic contents of
the spore. The corpuscles, when placed in the most favourable
conditions, have never given the least sign of vegetation; they have
also remained for a long time in water without experiencing any
appreciable alteration.
All the individuals of _Dacrymyces deliquescens_ do not produce these
corpuscles in the same abundance; those which bear the most are
recognizable by the pale tint of the reproductive dust with which they
are covered; in others, where this dust preserves its golden
appearance, only a few corpuscles are found. The spores which produce
corpuscles do not appear at all apt to germinate. On the other hand,
multitudes of spores will germinate which had not produced any
corpuscles. Tulasne remarks on this, that these observations would
authorize us to think that all spores, though perfectly identical to
our eyes, have not, without distinction, the same fate, nor doubtless
the same nature; and, in the second place, that these two kinds of
bodies, if they are not always isolated, yet are most frequently met
with on distinct individuals. This author claims for the corpuscles in
question that they are spermatia, and thinks that their origin is only
so far unusual in that they proceed from veritable spores.
The whole of the _Gasteromycetes_ have as yet to be challenged as to
the mode and conditions of germination and development. It is probable
that these will not materially differ from those which prevail in
_Hymenomycetes_.
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