Fungi: Their Nature and UsesCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Fungi: Their Nature and Uses
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Fungi
According to M. Tulasne, the germination of the pseudospores of
_Æcidium Euphorbiæ_ on _Euphorbia sylvatica_ differ in some respects
from the preceding. When dropped upon water these spores very soon
emit a short tube, which ordinarily curves in an arch or circle,
almost from its origin, attaining a length of from three to six times
the diameter of the spore; then this tube gives rise to four spicules,
each of which produces a small obovate or reniform sporule; the
generation of these sporules absorbs all the plastic matter contained
in the germ-tube, which permits of the observation that it was divided
into four cells corresponding with the number of spicules. These
sporules germinate very rapidly from an indefinite point of their
surface, emitting a filiform process, which is flexuous and very
delicate, not extending more in length than three times that of the
long axis of the sporule, often less, reproducing at its summit a new
sporule, differing in form and size from that which preceded it. This
sporule of the second formation becomes at its apex a vital centre,
and sprouts one or more linear buds, of which the elongation is
occasionally interrupted by the formation of vesicular swellings. As
Tulasne observes, the pseudospores of the _Æcidium_ and the greater
number of Uredines are easily wetted with water before arriving at
maturity; but when they are ripe, on the contrary, they appear to be
clothed with a greasy matter which protects them from the liquid,
forcing them almost all to rest on the surface.
The pseudospores of _Roestelia_ are produced in strings or chaplets,
as in _Æcidium_, with this difference, that instead of being
contiguous they are separated by narrow isthmuses. The ripe
pseudospores are enveloped in a thick tegument, of a dark brown
colour. They germinate readily on water, producing a filament fifteen
times as long as the diameter of the spore. This filament is sometimes
rolled or curved. Towards its extremity it exhibits protuberances
which resemble the rudiments of ramuli, or they terminate in a vesicle
which gives rise to a slender filament. The tegument of these
pseudospores, above all in those which have germinated, and have
consequently become more transparent, it is easy to see has many
pores, or round ostioles.
In _Peridermium_ the pseudospores, when dropped upon water, germinate
at any point of their surface. Sometimes two unequal filaments issue
from the same spore. After forty-eight hours of vegetation in the air,
the greater part had already emitted a multitude of thick little
branches, themselves either simple or branched, giving to the
filaments a peculiar aspect. Tulasne did not on any occasion observe
the formation of secondary spores.
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