General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
The first influence is very striking. Infancy is the age of sensations.
As every thing is new to the infant, every thing attracts its eyes,
ears, nostrils, &c. That which to us is an object of indifference, is
to it a source of pleasures. As a man receives great enjoyment from
a show he never witnessed before, which is blunted by habit if often
repeated. It was then necessary that the nervous cerebral system
should be adapted, by its early development, to the great degree of
action which it is then to have. In fact, all the organs that receive
external impressions, the nerves that transmit them, and the brain
that perceives them, are really in the infant when awake in permanent
excitement, who in the midst of the same objects as the adult, fatigues
these organs three times as much as he to whom a great part of these
external objects is indifferent, because they have heretofore excited
him. Thus observe that the periods of activity of animal life are much
shorter in the infant who fatigues his organs in a few hours, in whom,
consequently, the want of sleep returns oftener, and in whom this
state of intermission of animal life is more profound. It is rare that
infants, in the first months, can pass the whole day awake, especially
if many objects engage them. We might prolong their wakefulness by
removing them from light, sounds, &c.
The multiplicity and frequency of the sensations of the infant, lead
necessarily to a number of motions which have not strength, because
of the weakness of the muscles, but which are, like the sensations,
extremely numerous. As the sight incessantly presents new objects to
the infant, it wishes constantly to touch; its little hands are in
continual agitation, its whole body is also in constant motion. It
is necessary that the nerves which serve to transmit the principle of
these motions, should be adapted by their development, like those of
the sensations, to their constant action.
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