General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
motions in which the will has no part, the contractions take place much
more in the direction of flexion than in that of extension. 2d. In
old people the flexors finally become superior to the extensors; for
example, the fingers and toes are almost uniformly bent. 3d. In all the
motions, the power is always on the side of flexion.
The nerves enter the muscles of the extremities at a very acute angle,
because the nervous trunks are in the natural direction of these
organs. In the trunk, on the contrary, the nerves going from the spine,
the cervical especially, enter their muscles at almost a right angle or
one less evidently acute; this circumstance is of no importance. Each
branch in the fleshy fibres, is at first divided and then sub-divided
in their interstices, and afterwards lost in their texture. Does each
fibre receive a small nervous filament? We should be led to believe so
from this observation, that the principal branch being irritated, all
the fibres are put into action, no one remains inert. But on the other
hand, if we irritate one of them, all move also, which is certainly a
sympathetic phenomenon or one arising from the communication of the
cells.
Are the nerves deprived of their cellular coverings, and do they become
pulpy when they enter the muscles? Dissection has shewn me nothing like
it.
ARTICLE THIRD.
PROPERTIES OF THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM OF ANIMAL LIFE.
There are but few systems in the economy in which the vital properties
and those of texture are found in so great and evident a degree as in
this. It is from the muscles that examples must be selected to give a
precise and accurate idea of these properties. The physical properties
on the contrary are slightly marked in them; a remarkable softness
characterizes them; there is no elastic power in their texture; there
is but very little resistance from this texture after death; it is
from vitality that it derives the power that characterizes it in its
functions.
I. _Properties of Texture. Extensibility._
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