General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
The quickness of the contractions, arising from the contractility of
texture, is not like that produced by the animal or sensible organic
contractility, which is uniformly more or less marked, according as
the nervous influence of the stimulant acts more or less strongly.
Every motion originating from the contractility of texture is slow,
uniform and regular; it is only when the muscular texture is weakened
that it diminishes; it does not increase except when this texture is
more developed; hence it follows that the varieties of quickness can
only be observed in different individuals, or in the same individual
at different periods, and not, as in the exercise of the vital forces,
from one instant to another. This is a great and remarkable difference
between the two species of properties.
Death weakens the contractility of texture but does not annihilate
it; a muscle being cut retracts a long time after life has left it.
Putrefaction alone puts a limit to the existence of this property.
It is the same with regard to extensibility. I would observe however
that while the muscles retain the vital heat, they have more power of
retraction, than when the chill of death has seized them.
Haller places on the same line and derives from the same principles,
the phenomena resulting from the contractility of texture, which,
with some slight differences, answers to his dead power, and those
produced by the action of the concentrated acids, alkohol, fire, &c.
on animal substances, which crisp, contract and acquire the horny
hardness from the effect of these different agents. But there are
many differences which essentially separate these phenomena from each
other. 1st. The contractility of texture is very slight in the organs
in which the faculty of having the horny hardness is very evident, for
example, in all the organs of the fibrous, fibro-cartilaginous, serous
systems, &c. &c. 2d. The contractility of texture is distributed in
very various degrees, to the different parts; from the muscles and the
skin, which possess the greatest degree of it, to the cartilages which
seem destitute of it, there are many variations; on the contrary, the
faculty of acquiring the horny hardness from the agents pointed out
is almost uniformly distributed, or at least its differences are much
less evident. 3d. One becomes nothing in dried organs, the other is
evidently preserved for many years, as parchment is a proof. 4th. The
first clearly receives an increase of power from life, especially in
the muscles; the second appears to be hardly modified by it. 5th. This
always exhibits sudden effects, rapid contractions. To feel the contact
of the fire, of the concentrated acids or alkohol, and to assume the
horny hardness, are two phenomena which the second brings together in
the animal parts; the contractility of texture, on the contrary, exerts
itself but slowly, as we have said. 6th. This last can never give
to the parts, the muscles especially, that remarkable density which
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account