Geoffrey de Mandeville: A study of the AnarchyRound, John Horace
History
Geoffrey de Mandeville: A study of the Anarchy
Round, John Horace
Great Britain -- History -- Stephen, 1135-1154; Mandeville, Geoffrey de, earl of Essex, -1144
Another point deserving of notice is that this great gathering of earls
enables us to draw some important conclusions as to the origin and
development of their titles. We may, for instance, safely infer that
when a Christian name was borne by one earl alone, he used for his style
that name with the addition of "Comes" either as a prefix or as a
suffix. Thus we have in this instance "Comes Alanus" and "Comes Simon."
But when two or more earls bore the same Christian name, they had to be
distinguished by some addition. Thus we have "Comes Gislebertus de
Pembroc" and "Comes Gislebertus de Heortford," or "Comes Robertus de
Ferrers," as distinguished from Earl Robert "of Gloucester." The
addition of "de Essexa" to Earl Geoffrey himself, which is found in this
and other charters (see pp. 158, 183), can only, it would seem, be
intended to distinguish him from Count Geoffrey of Anjou. But here the
striking case is that of "Willelmo Comite Warenna," "Willelmo Comite de
Albarmarlâ," and "Comite Willelmo de Sudsexâ." These examples show us
how perfectly immaterial was the source from which the description was
taken. "Warenna" is used as if a surname; "Albarmarla" is "Aumâle," a
local name; and "Sudsexa" needs no comment. The same noble who here
attests as Earl of "Albarmarla" elsewhere attests as Earl "of York,"
while the Earl "of Sussex" is elsewhere a witness as Earl "of
Chichester" or "of Arundel." In short, the "Comes" really belongs to the
Christian name alone. The descriptive suffix is distinct and immaterial.
But the important inference which I draw from the conclusion arrived at
above is that where we find such descriptive suffix employed, we may
gather that there was in existence at the time some other earl or count
with the same Christian name.[463]
Among the earls, we look at once, but we look in vain, for the name of
Waleran of Meulan. But his half-brother, William de Warenne, one, like
himself, of the faithful three,[464] duly figures at the head of the
list. He is followed by their brother-in-law, the Earl of Pembroke,
whose nephew and namesake, the Earl of Hertford, and brother, Baldwin
fitz Gilbert, are also found among the witnesses. With them is another
of the faithful three, Earl Simon of Northampton. There too is Earl Alan
of Richmond, and the fortunate William of Albini, now Earl William of
Sussex. Robert of Ferrers and William of Aumâle, both of them heroes of
the Battle of the Standard, complete the list of earls.[465]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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