a church. The usual derivation of this word is from _kuriake_, Grk. _oikos-kuriou_ (the Lord’s house); _e.g._ Kirkham, Kerkom, Kirchdorf (church town); Kirchhof (church court); Kirchwerder (church island), on an island in the R. Elbe; Kirchditmold (the church at the people’s place of meeting)--_v._ DIOT. Fünfkirchen (the five churches), in Hungary; Kirchberg (church hill), in Saxony. Many parishes in Scotland have this affix to their names, as in Kirkbean (the church of St Bean); Kirkcaldy (the church of the Culdees, who formerly had a cell there); Kirkcolm (of St. Columba); Kirkconnel (of St. Connal); Kirkcowan, anc. _Kirkuen_ (of St. Keuin); Kirkcudbright (of St. Cuthbert); Kirkden (the church in the hollow); Kirkhill (on the hill); Kirkhope (in the valley); Kirkinner (the church of St. Kinneir). In England: Kirkby-Lonsdale (the church town), in the valley of the Lune; Kirkby-Stephen (of St. Stephen, to whom the church was dedicated); Kirkdale, in Lancashire; Kirkham, also in Lancashire; Kirkliston (the church of the strong fort, founded by the Knights Templars), in Linlithgow; Kirkoswald, named after Oswald, King of Northumberland; Kirkurd, in Peeblesshire, Lat. _Ecclesia de Orde_ (the church of Orde or Horda, a personal name); Kirkwall, Norse _Kirk-ju-vagr_ (the church on the bay); Hobkirk (the church in the _hope_ or valley); Ladykirk, in Berwickshire, dedicated to the Virgin Mary by James IV. on his army crossing the Tweed near the place; Falkirk, supposed to be the church on the _Vallum_ or wall of Agricola, but more likely to be the A.S. rendering of its Gaelic name _Eglais-bhrac_ (the spotted church), _fah_ in A.S. being of divers colours; Stonykirk, in Wigtonshire, corrupt. from _Steenie-kirk_ (St. Stephen’s church); Kirkmaden (of St. Medan); Carmichael for Kirk-Michael (of St. Michael); Bridekirk (of St. Bridget); Carluke for Kirkluke (of St. Luke); Selkirk, anc. _Sella-chyrche-Regis_ (the seat of the king’s church, originally attached to a royal hunting-seat); Laurencekirk (the church of St. Laurence, Archbishop of Canterbury, called the Apostle of the Picts); Kirby-Kendal (the church in the valley of the Ken or Kent); Channelkirk, in Berwickshire, anc. _Childer-kirk_ (the children’s church, having been dedicated to the Innocents). [Sidenote: KIS (Hung.),] little; _e.g._ Kis-sceg (little corner), in Transylvania; Kishissar (little fort). [Sidenote: KLAUSE, KLOSTER,] a place shut in, from the Lat. _claudo_, also a cloister; _e.g._ Klausen (the enclosed place), in Tyrol; Klausenburg (the enclosed fortress); Klausenthal (the enclosed valley); Kloster-Neuburg (the new town of the cloister); Chiusa, in Tuscany, anc. _Clusium_, and Clusa, in Saxony (the enclosed place), also La Chiusa, in Piedmont; but _claus_, as a prefix, may be _Klaus_, the German for Nicholas, and is sometimes attached to the names of churches dedicated to that saint. [Sidenote: KLEIN (Ger.),]